Sport-related concussion in soccer –a scoping review of available guidelines and a call for action to FIFA & soccer governing bodies

IF 1.9 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Brain & spine Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1016/j.bas.2024.102763
Andreas K. Demetriades , Imran Shah , Niklas Marklund , Hans Clusmann , Wilco Peul
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Abstract

Introduction

Sport-related concussions (SRC) have been a concern in all sports, including soccer. The long-term effects of soccer-related head injuries are a public health concern. The Concussion in Sport Group (CISG) released a consensus statement in 2017 and several soccer governing associations have published their own SRC guidelines while referring to it but it is unclear whether this has been universally adopted.

Research question

We aimed to investigate whether guidelines published by soccer associations have any discrepancies; and the extent to which they follow the CISG recommendations.

Materials and methods

A scoping review of available soccer-specific SRC guidelines was performed via databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and official soccer association websites via web browser Google. The inclusion criteria were soccer-specific SRC guidelines. Comparisons between guidelines were made concerning the following index items: initial (on-site) assessment, removal from play, re-evaluation with neuroimaging, return-to-sport protocol, special populations, and education.

Results

Nine soccer associations with available guidelines were included in this review. Guidelines obtained were from official associations in the United Kingdom, United States of America, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. When compared to each other and the CISG recommendations, discrepancies were found within guidelines regarding the index items. Additionally, major soccer associations in some countries famous for soccer were found to have not published any publicly available guidelines.

Discussion and conclusion

SRC guidelines from different soccer associations contain discrepancies which may be detrimental to athletes, both short and long-term. We recommend that all major soccer governing associations publish guidelines that are standardised and accessible to all athletes.

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足球运动中与运动相关的脑震荡--对现有指导方针的范围审查以及向国际足联和足球管理机构发出的行动呼吁
导言与运动相关的脑震荡(SRC)一直是包括足球在内的所有体育运动中的一个令人担忧的问题。与足球相关的头部损伤的长期影响是一个公共健康问题。体育运动脑震荡小组(CISG)于 2017 年发布了一份共识声明,一些足球管理协会在参考该声明的同时也发布了自己的 SRC 指南,但目前尚不清楚该指南是否已被普遍采纳。研究问题我们旨在调查足球协会发布的指南是否存在差异;以及它们在多大程度上遵循了 CISG 的建议。材料和方法通过 PubMed、Google Scholar 等数据库以及 Google 浏览器的足球协会官方网站,对现有的足球特定 SRC 指南进行了范围审查。纳入标准为足球专用 SRC 指南。对指南中的以下指标项目进行了比较:初始(现场)评估、停赛、神经影像学再评估、恢复运动协议、特殊人群和教育。所获得的指南分别来自英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和新西兰的官方协会。通过相互比较和 CISG 建议,发现指南中的指标项目存在差异。此外,我们还发现一些著名足球国家的主要足球协会并没有发布任何公开的指导原则。我们建议所有主要的足球管理协会发布标准化的指导原则,供所有运动员使用。
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来源期刊
Brain & spine
Brain & spine Surgery
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
71 days
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