R2C3, A Rehabilitation Robotic Companion for Children and Caregivers: The Collaborative Design of a Social Robot for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

IF 3.8 2区计算机科学 Q2 ROBOTICS International Journal of Social Robotics Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI:10.1007/s12369-024-01104-6

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Abstract

Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) are a group of conditions affecting children’s neurodevelopment with consequences on personal, social, and educational functioning. Social robots have been used in the rehabilitation of children with NDD with encouraging results on learning outcomes. This study aims at understanding how a social robot should act to support caregivers during the rehabilitation of children with NDD. Through a Design-Based-Research approach, we investigate this question by considering the point of view of the most concerned and expert people, i.e., children with NDD and their caregivers. We present here the collaborative and iterative design of R2C3, a social robot used to support caregivers and children during rehabilitation sessions in a learning-by-teaching scenario. 27 caregivers and 6 children participated in the iterative design and/or the evaluation of R2C3, that resulted in the development of a Wizard-of-Oz interface and a library containing 120 robot behaviors. We then studied how caregivers used such behaviors during the rehabilitation sessions. We found they mainly used the robot to provide positive reinforcements to children, to elicit their reflection and knowledge toward shared handwriting activities, and to support children’s error acceptance. However, the utilization of Positive Reinforcement by caregivers tends to decrease significantly as the sessions progress.

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R2C3，儿童和护理人员的康复机器人伙伴：为神经发育障碍儿童合作设计社交机器人

摘要神经发育障碍（NDD）是一组影响儿童神经发育的疾病，会对个人、社会和教育功能造成影响。社交机器人已被用于 NDD 儿童的康复治疗，并取得了令人鼓舞的学习效果。本研究旨在了解社交机器人应如何在 NDD 儿童康复过程中为护理人员提供支持。通过基于设计的研究方法，我们从最关心和最专业的人员（即 NDD 儿童及其护理人员）的角度出发，对这一问题进行了研究。我们在此介绍 R2C3 的合作与迭代设计，这是一款社交机器人，用于在边学边教的情景下，在康复训练过程中为护理人员和儿童提供支持。27 名护理人员和 6 名儿童参与了 R2C3 的迭代设计和/或评估，最终开发出了一个 Wizard-of-Oz 界面和一个包含 120 种机器人行为的库。我们随后研究了护理人员在康复训练中如何使用这些行为。我们发现，他们主要利用机器人为儿童提供正面强化，激发他们对共同手写活动的反思和认识，并支持儿童接受错误。不过，随着康复训练的进行，照料者对正面强化的使用会明显减少。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Social Robotics ROBOTICS-

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

8.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： Social Robotics is the study of robots that are able to interact and communicate among themselves, with humans, and with the environment, within the social and cultural structure attached to its role. The journal covers a broad spectrum of topics related to the latest technologies, new research results and developments in the area of social robotics on all levels, from developments in core enabling technologies to system integration, aesthetic design, applications and social implications. It provides a platform for like-minded researchers to present their findings and latest developments in social robotics, covering relevant advances in engineering, computing, arts and social sciences. The journal publishes original, peer reviewed articles and contributions on innovative ideas and concepts, new discoveries and improvements, as well as novel applications, by leading researchers and developers regarding the latest fundamental advances in the core technologies that form the backbone of social robotics, distinguished developmental projects in the area, as well as seminal works in aesthetic design, ethics and philosophy, studies on social impact and influence, pertaining to social robotics.