Nutrient distribution and bioaccumulation in silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) biomass grown in nutrient-poor soil

IF 2.1 3区农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Trees Pub Date : 2024-02-09 DOI:10.1007/s00468-024-02492-y

Beata Rustowska

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Key message

Silver birch growing on extremely nutrient-poor stands of inland dunes was characterized by low contents of these nutrients in its biomass. The nutrient accumulation also depended on its age.

Abstract

Silver birch (B. pendula) often colonizes inland dunes, as geomorphologically sensitive and unstable environments. Considering its importance in the protection of ecosystems associated with such landforms, we aimed to evaluate the nutrient distribution and bioaccumulation in the organs of that tree. The study covered three stands, aged 12, 20, and 34 years. Ten average trees were sampled from each stand, including fine and coarse roots, stemwood, bark, coarse and fine branches, and leaves along with soil samples at depths of 0–10, 10–20, 20–40, and 40–80 cm. The contents of macro- and micronutrients were analyzed in collected soil and biomass samples. The soils were strongly acidic and very poor in the studied elements. The nutrient distribution in the birch biomass was highly variable. For most of the elements, the highest contents were recorded in leaves. The highest amounts of Fe were found in fine roots, while Mn and Zn were the most abundant in the bark. Wide variability was also apparent in the bioaccumulation factors. These were usually the highest in the leaves or bark and the lowest in the stemwood. Among the studied elements, N was the most bioaccumulated, followed by S, Zn, Cu, Mn, and P. Nutrient distribution in the birch biomass was typical for tree species. Nutrient levels were generally low, however, significantly higher than their concentrations in the soil, indicating a strong bioaccumulation. The relationship between nutrient accumulation and stand age was observed.

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在养分贫乏的土壤中生长的银桦（Betula pendula Roth）生物量中的养分分布和生物累积作用

关键信息生长在内陆沙丘极度缺乏营养的林分上的银桦，其生物量中这些营养物质的含量很低。摘要银桦（B. pendula）经常在地貌敏感和不稳定的内陆沙丘上生长。考虑到银桦在保护与此类地貌相关的生态系统方面的重要性，我们旨在评估银桦器官中的营养分布和生物累积情况。研究涵盖了三个树龄分别为 12 年、20 年和 34 年的林地。每个林分平均采集了 10 棵树的样本，包括细根、粗根、茎木、树皮、粗枝、细枝和树叶，以及 0-10、10-20、20-40 和 40-80 厘米深度的土壤样本。对采集的土壤和生物质样本中的宏量和微量营养元素含量进行了分析。土壤呈强酸性，所研究元素的含量非常低。桦树生物质中的养分分布变化很大。就大多数元素而言，叶片中的含量最高。细根中的铁含量最高，而树皮中的锰和锌含量最高。生物累积因子的差异也很明显。这些因素通常在叶片或树皮中含量最高，而在茎木中含量最低。在所研究的元素中，氮的生物累积量最高，其次是硒、锌、铜、锰和磷。养分含量普遍较低，但明显高于其在土壤中的浓度，这表明生物累积作用很强。养分积累与树龄之间的关系也得到了观察。

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来源期刊

Trees 农林科学-林学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

4.30%

发文量

113

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Trees - Structure and Function publishes original articles on the physiology, biochemistry, functional anatomy, structure and ecology of trees and other woody plants. Also presented are articles concerned with pathology and technological problems, when they contribute to the basic understanding of structure and function of trees. In addition to original articles and short communications, the journal publishes reviews on selected topics concerning the structure and function of trees.