Flammability features of native and non-native woody species from the southernmost ecosystems: a review

IF 3.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Fire Ecology Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI:10.1186/s42408-024-00250-6
Octavio Toy-Opazo, Andrés Fuentes-Ramirez, Valeria Palma-Soto, Rafael A. Garcia, Kirk A. Moloney, Rodrigo Demarco, Andrés Fuentes-Castillo
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Abstract

Vegetation plays a crucial role in the ignition, propagation, and severity of fire, and understanding the relationship between plants and fire through flammability attributes has become a useful tool that is increasingly used in studies on fire dynamics worldwide. However, in the southern cone of South America, rather few studies have systematically and specifically addressed the flammability of vegetation, and yet fewer have compared native and non-native species. Given the increasing interest in knowing the flammability characteristics of vegetation, this review aims to assess the potential differences in flammability between native and non-native plant species that inhabit the southern cone and to identify the main methodologies and experiments used to analyze vegetation flammability. Twenty-eight species were identified, 18 native to the region and 10 non-native. Additionally, 64 experimental tests were revised to evaluate plant flammability. It was found that Cryptocarya alba, Acacia dealbata, Eucalyptus globulus, and Pinus ponderosa are the species with a high flammability index. By contrast, the species Araucaria araucana, Austrocedrus chilensis, Embothrium coccineum, and Persea lingue showed low flammability. The methodologies used to evaluate vegetation flammability were highly variable, with the use of epiradiators being the most frequent. Our review indicates that the geographic origin of vegetation (native vs. non-native in South America) is not a decisive factor in determining species-level differences in flammability. Other relevant factors that contribute with the degree of plant flammability include fuel moisture, the morphology of the species, and its internal chemical compounds. We highlight the necessity of continuing the study of plant flammability and advance in the standardization of protocols and measurements, using uniform criteria and increasing comparative studies between species, particularly in the southern cone of South America where catastrophic wildfires are increasing.
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最南端生态系统中本地和非本地木本物种的易燃性特征:综述
植被在火灾的点燃、传播和严重程度方面起着至关重要的作用,通过可燃性属性了解植物与火灾之间的关系已成为一种有用的工具,在全球火灾动态研究中得到越来越多的应用。然而,在南美洲南锥体地区,系统性地专门研究植被易燃性的研究相当少,对本地物种和非本地物种进行比较的研究更少。鉴于人们对了解植被可燃性特征的兴趣与日俱增,本综述旨在评估居住在南锥体的本地和非本地植物物种在可燃性方面的潜在差异,并确定用于分析植被可燃性的主要方法和实验。研究确定了 28 个物种,其中 18 个为该地区的本地物种,10 个为非本地物种。此外,还修订了 64 项实验测试,以评估植物的易燃性。结果发现,白隐翅树、相思树、桉树和松柏是易燃指数较高的树种。相比之下,Araucaria araucana、Austrocedrus chilensis、Embothrium coccineum 和 Persea lingue 的易燃指数较低。用于评估植被易燃性的方法差异很大,其中最常使用的是外辐照仪。我们的研究表明,植被的地理起源(南美洲的原生植被与非原生植被)并不是决定物种易燃性差异的决定性因素。影响植物易燃程度的其他相关因素包括燃料湿度、物种形态及其内部化合物。我们强调有必要继续研究植物的易燃性,并推进协议和测量的标准化,采用统一标准,增加物种间的比较研究,尤其是在灾难性野火不断增加的南美洲南锥体地区。
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来源期刊
Fire Ecology
Fire Ecology ECOLOGY-FORESTRY
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
7.80%
发文量
24
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Fire Ecology is the international scientific journal supported by the Association for Fire Ecology. Fire Ecology publishes peer-reviewed articles on all ecological and management aspects relating to wildland fire. We welcome submissions on topics that include a broad range of research on the ecological relationships of fire to its environment, including, but not limited to: Ecology (physical and biological fire effects, fire regimes, etc.) Social science (geography, sociology, anthropology, etc.) Fuel Fire science and modeling Planning and risk management Law and policy Fire management Inter- or cross-disciplinary fire-related topics Technology transfer products.
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