Institutional Quality and Economic Misery in Nigeria

J. Ozigbu
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Abstract

This paper makes an improvement to the traditional institutional quality-growth hypothesis originally documented in the North’s framework by investigating the implications of the quality of formal institutions on economic misery in Nigeria. The specific measures of institutional quality include economic freedom, liberal democracy, and the corruption perception index, while economic misery is measured using Hanke’s modified misery index. The datasets obtained from the World Bank, Heritage Foundation, Freedom House, Transparency International, and Carto Institute were analysed using descriptive statistics and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, which was informed by the evidence of a fractionally integrated series. The findings showed that economic freedom significantly reduced economic misery in the short run. At the same time, evidence of a significant negative effect of liberal democracy on the misery index was established in both the short and long run. This suggests that deepening the democratic process has the potential to mitigate the economic misery faced by Nigerians through increased employment, a decrease in inflationary pressures and interest rates, as well as robust per capita growth. In addition, it was found that the corruption perception index contributed positively to the misery index. This indicates that the pervasive and systemic nature of corruption traps many Nigerians in miserable economic conditions. Owing to the findings, this paper recommends, among others, that policymakers should strengthen the democratic process and promote economic freedom by prioritising credible elections, entrenching the rule of law, and protecting property rights to mitigate the economic distress faced by Nigerians
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尼日利亚的机构质量与经济困境
本文通过研究尼日利亚正规机构的质量对经济痛苦的影响,对最初在诺斯框架中提出的传统机构质量-增长假说进行了改进。衡量制度质量的具体指标包括经济自由、自由民主和腐败感知指数,而经济痛苦则采用汉克的修正痛苦指数来衡量。对从世界银行、传统基金会、自由之家、透明国际和 Carto 研究所获得的数据集,采用描述性统计和自回归分布滞后(ARDL)模型进行了分析,该模型参考了分数综合序列的证据。研究结果表明,经济自由在短期内大大减少了经济痛苦。同时,有证据表明,自由民主在短期和长期内对痛苦指数都有显著的负面影响。这表明,深化民主进程有可能通过增加就业、降低通胀压力和利率以及强劲的人均增长来减轻尼日利亚人面临的经济痛苦。此外,研究还发现,腐败感知指数与痛苦指数呈正相关。这表明,腐败的普遍性和系统性使许多尼日利亚人陷入悲惨的经济状况。鉴于上述研究结果,本文建议决策者加强民主进程,促进经济自由,优先考虑举行可信的选举、巩固法治和保护财产权,以减轻尼日利亚人面临的经济困境。
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