Awareness of sickle cell disease among nursing undergraduates in Farasan: Its interference with malaria

S. Sayed, H. Dailah, Sumathi Nagarajan, Amani Awad El Kareem, Ameerah Riffat Said, S. Abdelwahab, Shaivad Shabee Hulhasan Abadi, Rola Hassan Haddadi, G. Khuwaja, Saida Mohamed Zribi, Samar Yeahya Hamad E M. Ageeli, Wadeah Ali D.A. Malhan, Mead Hadi Yahya Talebi Madkhali
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Abstract

ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to generate data on awareness and incidence of sickle cell disease (SCD) and also to adduce the widespread myths peddled about SCD. Students studying in the Department of Nursing were recruited. A pretested, self-administered sickle cell assessment questionnaire was distributed electronically through WhatsApp group to collect necessary data. Participants were screened for malaria by thin blood smear analyses, and their hemoglobin (Hb) contents (g/dL) were determined by Sahli’s haemoglobinometer. Statistical analyses were done using Origin (version 8.1, USA). A reliability study was performed for the validity of questionnaire data. Study participants had significantly high awareness regarding SCDs (89.9%, P < 0.001). Most participants (96.3%) were aware about government policy regarding premarital screening for genetic disorders and replied that the government has strict health policies backed by equally robust laboratory diagnostics. Moreover, none of the participants had SCDs, although their parents had a consanguineous marriage. Thin blood smear analyses of participants did not reveal any cases of Plasmodium falciparum. However, significant percentages (33.1%) were found to be anemic, probably due to their dietary habits and lifestyles, as has been reflected by questionnaire analyses. Furthermore, a very less number of students had knowledge about genetic variations that might occur in malaria-endemic regions after long exposure to offer protection from malaria. Knowledge about management practices was also lacking among study participants (29%). This research points to the necessity that the nursing study plan should focus on providing specific training on management skills and preventive measures for SCDs, which is of paramount importance.
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法拉萨护理专业本科生对镰状细胞病的认识:镰状细胞病与疟疾的关系
摘要 本研究旨在收集有关镰状细胞病(SCD)的认知度和发病率的数据,并对广泛流传的有关 SCD 的神话进行归纳。 研究招募了在护理系就读的学生。为了收集必要的数据,我们通过 WhatsApp 群组以电子方式分发了一份经过预先测试的自填镰状细胞评估问卷。通过薄血涂片分析对参与者进行了疟疾筛查,并使用 Sahli 血红蛋白仪测定了他们的血红蛋白含量(g/dL)。统计分析使用 Origin(8.1 版,美国)进行。对问卷数据的有效性进行了可靠性研究。 研究参与者对 SCD 的认知度明显较高(89.9%,P < 0.001)。大多数参与者(96.3%)了解政府关于婚前遗传病筛查的政策,并回答说政府有严格的卫生政策和同样强大的实验室诊断支持。此外,尽管参与者的父母是近亲结婚,但他们中没有人患有 SCD。参与者的薄血涂片分析未发现任何恶性疟原虫病例。不过,有相当比例(33.1%)的人贫血,这可能与他们的饮食习惯和生活方式有关,问卷分析也反映了这一点。此外,只有极少数学生了解疟疾流行地区在长期接触后可能出现的基因变异,以提供对疟疾的保护。参与研究的学生也缺乏有关管理方法的知识(29%)。 这项研究表明,护理学习计划应侧重于提供有关 SCD 的管理技能和预防措施的具体培训,这一点至关重要。
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