Central aspects when implementing an electronic monitoring system for assessing hand hygiene in clinical settings: A grounded theory study

Abstract

New technologies, such as electronic monitoring systems, have been developed to promote increased adherence to hand hygiene among healthcare workers. However, challenges when implementing these technologies in clinical settings have been identified. The aim of this study was to explore healthcare workers’ experiences when implementing an electronic monitoring system to assess hand hygiene in a clinical setting. Interviews with healthcare workers (registered nurses, nurse assistants and leaders) involved in the implementation process of an electronic monitoring system ( n = 17) were conducted and data were analyzed according to the grounded theory methodology formulated by Strauss and Corbin. Healthcare workers’ experiences were expressed in terms of leading and facilitating, participating and contributing, and knowing and confirming. These three aspects were merged together to form the core category of collaborating for progress. Leaders were positive and committed to the implementation of the electronic monitoring system, endeavouring to enable facilitation and support for their co-workers (registered nurses and nurse assistants). At the same time, co-workers were positive about the support they received and contributed by raising questions and demands for the product to be used in clinical settings. Moreover, leaders and co-workers were aware of the objective of implementing the electronic monitoring system. We identified dynamic collective work between leaders and co-workers during the implementation of the electronic monitoring system. Leadership, participation and knowledge were central aspects of enhancing a collaborative process. We strongly recommend involving both ward leaders and users of new technologies to promote successful implementation.