Investigation of a solid particle deposition velocity in drag reducing fluids with salinity

Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Petroleum Research Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ptlrs.2024.01.010
{"title":"Investigation of a solid particle deposition velocity in drag reducing fluids with salinity","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ptlrs.2024.01.010","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Optimal and cost-effective drilling operations in extended-reach horizontal wells depend on efficient solid cuttings removal from the borehole. Several solids-suspended multiphase processes such as crude petroleum transportation, separation, and processing of oil and gas streams also require the efficient removal of these solids. The terminal settling velocity (V<sub>ts)</sub> of the solid particle is a vital parameter that controls the removal efficiency of these solids. In a drilling scenario when there is a hold on fluid circulation such as connection time, the accurate estimation of V<sub>s</sub> provides the driller with time available to prevent solid deposition. In severe conditions, this can result in a stuck pipe, especially for extended-reach horizontal wells. In this work, both spherical and non-spherical particle deposition were experimentally investigated in several fluid rheology and salinity. Two concentrations (<span><math><mrow><mn>0.1</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>v</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>0.05</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>v</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>.) of partially-hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) were used as a drag-reducing additive for water-based drilling mud. The PHPA drag-reducing fluid (reduced pressure loss) acts as a turbulence inhibitor. The PHPA polymer chain suppresses any turbulence in the flow, reducing the turbulent eddy viscosity. The effects of salinity (<span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>t</mi><mo>.</mo><mspace></mspace><mo>%</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>w</mi><mi>t</mi><mo>.</mo><mspace></mspace><mo>%</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>C</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> contamination) on solid particle settling velocity (V<sub>s</sub>) in drag-reducing fluids were also investigated. Terminal velocity was achieved for all experiments and seemed to increase with increased diameter/sphericity. However, cases when this trend was not consistent were observed and therefore a new parameter of Φ (sphericity index × diameter) was proposed. V<sub>s</sub> increases with Φ value for all cases. During drilling, PHPA also aids in sealing the fracture in the formation. With and without salt in the fluid, how lowering drag affected the settling velocity of solid particles (drill cuttings) could be observed. The settling velocity tests will be improved in drag-reducing PHPA solutions with the knowledge from this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19756,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249524000103/pdfft?md5=cdbf4e8870c6307243ff0b8f7a97952a&pid=1-s2.0-S2096249524000103-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Petroleum Research","FirstCategoryId":"1087","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2096249524000103","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Optimal and cost-effective drilling operations in extended-reach horizontal wells depend on efficient solid cuttings removal from the borehole. Several solids-suspended multiphase processes such as crude petroleum transportation, separation, and processing of oil and gas streams also require the efficient removal of these solids. The terminal settling velocity (Vts) of the solid particle is a vital parameter that controls the removal efficiency of these solids. In a drilling scenario when there is a hold on fluid circulation such as connection time, the accurate estimation of Vs provides the driller with time available to prevent solid deposition. In severe conditions, this can result in a stuck pipe, especially for extended-reach horizontal wells. In this work, both spherical and non-spherical particle deposition were experimentally investigated in several fluid rheology and salinity. Two concentrations (0.1vol% and 0.05vol%.) of partially-hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA) were used as a drag-reducing additive for water-based drilling mud. The PHPA drag-reducing fluid (reduced pressure loss) acts as a turbulence inhibitor. The PHPA polymer chain suppresses any turbulence in the flow, reducing the turbulent eddy viscosity. The effects of salinity (3wt.%NaCl and 3wt.%CaCl2 contamination) on solid particle settling velocity (Vs) in drag-reducing fluids were also investigated. Terminal velocity was achieved for all experiments and seemed to increase with increased diameter/sphericity. However, cases when this trend was not consistent were observed and therefore a new parameter of Φ (sphericity index × diameter) was proposed. Vs increases with Φ value for all cases. During drilling, PHPA also aids in sealing the fracture in the formation. With and without salt in the fluid, how lowering drag affected the settling velocity of solid particles (drill cuttings) could be observed. The settling velocity tests will be improved in drag-reducing PHPA solutions with the knowledge from this study.

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
降低盐度的阻力流体中固体颗粒沉积速度的研究
要在延伸水平井中实现成本效益最佳的钻井作业,就必须从井眼中高效清除固体沉积物。一些悬浮固体的多相工艺,如原油运输、分离和油气流加工,也需要高效清除这些固体。固体颗粒的终端沉降速度(Vts)是控制这些固体去除效率的重要参数。在钻井过程中,当流体循环受阻(如连接时间)时,Vs 的准确估算为钻井人员提供了防止固体沉积的时间。在恶劣的条件下,这可能会导致卡管,尤其是对于长距离水平井。在这项工作中,实验研究了球形和非球形颗粒在不同流体流变和盐度条件下的沉积情况。两种浓度(0.1vol% 和 0.05vol%)的部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA)被用作水基钻井泥浆的减阻添加剂。PHPA 减阻液(减少压力损失)可作为湍流抑制剂。PHPA 聚合物链可抑制流动中的任何湍流,降低湍流涡流粘度。此外,还研究了盐度(3wt.%NaCl 和 3wt.%CaCl2 污染)对减阻流体中固体颗粒沉降速度 (Vs) 的影响。所有实验都达到了最终速度,并且似乎随着直径/球形度的增加而增加。不过,也观察到了这种趋势不一致的情况,因此提出了一个新参数 Φ(球度指数 × 直径)。在所有情况下,Vs 都随 Φ 值的增加而增加。在钻井过程中,PHPA 还有助于封堵地层中的裂缝。在流体中有盐和无盐的情况下,可以观察到降低阻力对固体颗粒(钻屑)沉降速度的影响。根据本研究的知识,降低阻力的 PHPA 溶液将改进沉降速度测试。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Petroleum Research
Petroleum Research Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geology
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
90
审稿时长
35 weeks
期刊最新文献
Applicability of deep neural networks for lithofacies classification from conventional well logs: An integrated approach Investigation of a solid particle deposition velocity in drag reducing fluids with salinity Use of graphs to assess well safety in drilling projects and during operations by identification of available barrier elements and consolidation of barrier envelopes Sedimentary microfacies of Member 5 of Xujiahe Formation in the Dongfengchang area, Sichuan Basin Research on physical explosion crater model of high-pressure natural gas pipeline
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1