Practices Used to Improve Patient Safety Culture Among Healthcare Professionals in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Haroon Bashir, M. Barkatullah, Arslan Raza, Muddasar Mushtaq, Khanzada Sheraz Khan, Awais Saber, Shahid Ahmad
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Abstract

A patient safety culture primarily refers to the values, beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors within a healthcare setup in a community that assists in prioritizing patient safety and encouraging the reporting of errors and near-misses in that facility. There is a direct impact of patient safety culture on how well patient safety and quality improvement programs work. The aim of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to investigate the practices to improve patient safety culture and adverse event reporting practices among healthcare professionals in a tertiary care hospital located in Mirpur Azad Jammu and Kashmir. In the non-probability convenience sampling of this cross-sectional study, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital in Mirpur, Azad Kashmir used the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Surveys on Patient Safety Culture Hospital Survey to collect data about the perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding patient safety culture within their hospital to assess the trends of patient safety culture by obtaining longitudinal data. A pre-validated questionnaire that has undergone a rigorous trial of testing to maximize the reliability and accuracy of the outcomes was distributed among clinical staff (healthcare professionals who interact with patients on a daily basis, such as nurses, doctors, pharmacists, and laboratory technicians) and administrative staff (medical superintendent, deputy medical superintendent, assistant medical superintendent, heads of departments). A total of 312 questionnaires were returned (response rate, 76%). The study found that the dimension “supervisor/manager expectation and action promoting safety” had the highest positive response rate (65.16%), and “nonpunitive response” had the lowest (27.4%). Higher scores in “nonpunitive response to error” were associated with lower rates of medication errors, pressure ulcers, and surgical site infections, and higher scores in “frequency of event reporting” were associated with lower rates of medication errors, pressure ulcers, falls, hospital-acquired infections, and urinary tract infections. We suggest that in order for hospital staff to continue providing excellent, clinically safe treatment, a well-structured hospital culture promoting patient safety is necessary. Moreover, further study is needed to determine strategies to improve patient safety expertise and awareness, and lower the frequency of adverse occurrences.
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一家三甲医院医护人员改善患者安全文化的做法
患者安全文化主要是指一个社区医疗机构内的价值观、信念、态度和行为,这些价值观、信念、态度和行为有助于将患者安全放在首位,并鼓励该机构报告错误和险情。患者安全文化对患者安全和质量改进计划的效果有直接影响。这项横断面描述性研究旨在调查位于查谟和克什米尔米尔普尔-阿扎德的一家三级医院的医护人员在改善患者安全文化和不良事件报告方面的做法。 在这项横断面研究的非概率方便抽样中,阿扎德-克什米尔米尔布尔的分区总部教学医院采用了医疗保健研究与质量机构的患者安全文化医院调查来收集医护人员对其医院内患者安全文化的看法,以便通过获取纵向数据来评估患者安全文化的趋势。为了最大限度地提高结果的可靠性和准确性,我们向临床医护人员(每天与患者打交道的医护人员,如护士、医生、药剂师和实验室技术人员)和行政人员(医务总监、副医务总监、助理医务总监、各部门主管)发放了一份经过严格测试的预验证问卷。 共收回 312 份问卷(回收率为 76%)。研究发现,"主管/管理者对促进安全的期望和行动 "这一维度的正面回答率最高(65.16%),而 "非惩罚性回应 "的正面回答率最低(27.4%)。对错误的非惩罚性反应 "得分越高,用药错误、压疮和手术部位感染的发生率就越低,而 "事件报告频率 "得分越高,用药错误、压疮、跌倒、医院感染和尿路感染的发生率就越低。 我们认为,为了让医院员工继续提供优质、临床安全的治疗,有必要建立一个促进患者安全的结构良好的医院文化。此外,还需要进一步研究,以确定提高患者安全专业知识和意识、降低不良事件发生频率的策略。
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