Nonessential amino acids in tropical ruminant feed: Investigating grass and legume forages of Indonesia.

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-12-31 eCollection Date: 2023-12-01 DOI:10.5455/javar.2023.j739

Gresy Eva Tresia, Yenny Nur Anggraeny, Wiwik Heny Winarsih, Setiasih Setiasih, Eni Siti Rohaeni, Mariyono Mariyono, Dicky Pamungkas

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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the concentration of nonessential amino acids (NEAAs) in ruminant feed in tropical areas, with a focus on forage grasses and legumes in Indonesia.

Materials and methods: A total of 11 grasses (Chrysopogon zizanioides, Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria humidicola, Paspalum dilatatum, Paspalum atatum, Chloris gayana, Pennisetum polystachion, Panicum maximum, Cenchrus biflorus, Andropogon canaliculatus, and Digotaria decumbens) and six legumes (Arachis hypogaea, Pueararia Javanica, Centrosema pubescens, Clitoria ternatea, and Arachis pintoi) were analyzed for NEAA content using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results: Based on the results of this research, it was found that almost all NEAA content in forage was less than 3% (Serine (Ser), Alanine (Ala), Glycine (Gly), Tyrosine (Tyr), Proline (Pro), Cysteine (Cys), and Asparagine (Asn), except for glutamic (Glu) acid and arginine (Arg) in some legumes. The Glu content in grass ranges from 0.76% to 2.61%, and the Arg content ranges from 0.92% to 2.09%. These two NEAAs were most abundant in grasses and legumes, with concentrations of 5.10% to 6.27% and 3.10% to 5.53%, respectively.

Conclusion: Our study concluded that Glu and Arg were the most abundant NEAAs in tropical forages in Indonesia, with legumes having a higher concentration of NEAAs compared to grasses. Among the legumes, A. hypogaea had the highest NEAA content (23.40%), while among the forages, C. zizanioides had the highest NEAA content (12.37%). However, it was observed that neither legumes nor grasses could fulfill the metabolizable TNEAAs requirements for gaining cattle (250 kg of empty body weight gain), unlike commercial concentrates, which were found to meet the requirements, especially for Arg, Glu, and thyronine. The provision of concentrate is necessary to supplement forage to meet the NEAA needs for cattle.

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热带反刍动物饲料中的非必需氨基酸：调查印度尼西亚的禾本科和豆科牧草。

研究目的本研究旨在检测热带地区反刍动物饲料中的非必需氨基酸（NEAAs）浓度，重点是印度尼西亚的牧草和豆科植物：总共 11 种草（Chrysopogon zizanioides、Brachiaria brizantha、Brachiaria humidicola、Paspalum dilatatum、Paspalum atatum、Chloris gayana、Pennisetum polystachion、Panicum maximum、Cenchrus biflorus、Andropogon canaliculatus 和 Digotaria decumbens）、采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分析了六种豆科植物（Arachis hypogaea、Pueararia Javanica、Centrosema pubescens、Clitoria ternatea 和 Arachis pintoi）的壬基烯酮含量。）结果根据研究结果发现，除一些豆科植物中的谷氨酸（Glu）和精氨酸（Arg）外，几乎所有牧草中的 NEAA 含量都低于 3%（丝氨酸（Ser）、丙氨酸（Ala）、甘氨酸（Gly）、酪氨酸（Tyr）、脯氨酸（Pro）、半胱氨酸（Cys）和天冬酰胺（Asn））。禾本科植物中谷氨酸的含量从 0.76% 到 2.61% 不等，精氨酸的含量从 0.92% 到 2.09% 不等。这两种 NEAAs 在禾本科植物和豆科植物中含量最高，分别为 5.10% 至 6.27% 和 3.10% 至 5.53%：我们的研究得出结论，Glu 和 Arg 是印度尼西亚热带牧草中含量最高的 NEAAs，与禾本科植物相比，豆科植物的 NEAAs 含量更高。在豆科植物中，A. hypogaea 的 NEAA 含量最高（23.40%），而在牧草中，C. zizanioides 的 NEAA 含量最高（12.37%）。然而，据观察，豆类和草类都不能满足增重牛（空重增重 250 千克）对可代谢 TNEAA 的要求，而商业精料则不同，它们能满足要求，尤其是对 Arg、Glu 和甲状腺氨酸的要求。因此，有必要提供精料来补充饲草，以满足牛对 NEAA 的需求。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.