Calcium hydroxide-loaded nanoparticles dispersed in thermosensitive gel as a novel intracanal medicament

IF 5.4 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE International endodontic journal Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI:10.1111/iej.14041

Xavier Roig, Lyda Halbaut, Firas Elmsmari, Rubén Pareja, Aizea Arrien, Fernando Duran-Sindreu, Luis María Delgado, Marta Espina, María Luisa García, José Antonio González Sánchez, Elena Sánchez-López

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Aim

Design, produce and assess the viability of a novel nanotechnological antibacterial thermo-sensible intracanal medicament This involves encapsulating calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) within polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and dispersing them in a thermosensitive gel (Ca(OH)₂-NPs-gel). In addition, perform in vitro and ex vivo assessments to evaluate tissue irritation and penetration capacity into dentinal tubules in comparison to free Ca(OH)₂.

Methodology

Reproducibility of Ca(OH)₂-NPs was confirmed by obtaining the average size of the NPs, their polydispersity index, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency. Moreover, rheological studies of Ca(OH)₂-NPs-gel were carried out with a rheometer, studying the oscillatory stress sweep, the mean viscosity value, frequency and temperature sweeps. Tolerance was assessed using the membrane of an embryonated chicken egg. In vitro Ca(OH)₂ release was studied by direct dialysis in an aqueous media monitoring the amount of Ca(OH)₂ released. Six extracted human teeth were used to study the depth of penetration of fluorescently labelled Ca(OH)₂-NPs-gel into the dentinal tubules and significant differences against free Ca(OH)₂ were calculated using one-way anova.

Results

Ca(OH)₂-NPs-gel demonstrated to be highly reproducible with an average size below 200 nm, a homogeneous NPs population, negative surface charge and high entrapment efficiency. The analysis of the thermosensitive gel allowed us to determine its rheological characteristics, showing that at 10°C gels owned a fluid-like behaviour meanwhile at 37°C they owned an elastic-like behaviour. Ca(OH)₂-NPs-gel showed a prolonged drug release and the depth of penetration inside the dentinal tubules increased in the most apical areas. In addition, it was found that this drug did not produce irritation when applied to tissues such as eggs' chorialantoidonic membrane.

Conclusion

Calcium hydroxide-loaded PLGA NPs dispersed in a thermosensitive gel may constitute a suitable alternative as an intracanal antibacterial medicament.

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分散在热敏凝胶中的氢氧化钙纳米颗粒作为一种新型龋内药物。

目的：设计、生产和评估一种新型纳米热敏性抗菌根管内药物的可行性，包括将氢氧化钙（Ca(OH)2）封装在聚乳酸-聚乙二醇酸（PLGA）纳米颗粒（NPs）中，并将其分散在热敏性凝胶（Ca(OH)2 -NPs-凝胶）中。此外，与游离 Ca(OH)2 相比，进行体外和体内评估，以评价组织刺激性和对牙本质小管的渗透能力：通过获得 NPs 的平均尺寸、多分散指数、Zeta 电位和包埋效率，确认了 Ca(OH)₂-NPs 的可重复性。此外，还使用流变仪对 Ca(OH)2 -NPs 凝胶进行了流变学研究，研究了振荡应力扫描、平均粘度值、频率和温度扫描。使用胚胎鸡卵膜对耐受性进行了评估。通过在水介质中直接透析监测 Ca(OH)2 的释放量，研究了体外 Ca(OH)2 的释放情况。用六颗拔出的人类牙齿来研究荧光标记的 Ca(OH)2 -NPs 凝胶在牙本质小管中的渗透深度，并使用单因子 anova 计算与游离 Ca(OH)2 的显著差异：结果表明：Ca（OH）2 -NPs-凝胶的平均粒度低于 200 纳米，NPs 数量均匀，表面带负电荷，包埋效率高，具有很高的可重复性。通过对热敏凝胶的分析，我们确定了它的流变特性，结果表明，在 10°C 时，凝胶具有类似流体的特性，而在 37°C 时，凝胶具有类似弹性的特性。Ca(OH)2 -NPs凝胶的药物释放时间较长，在最顶端区域，药物在牙本质小管内的渗透深度增加。此外，研究还发现这种药物在应用于鸡蛋绒毛膜等组织时不会产生刺激：结论：分散在热敏凝胶中的氢氧化钙载体聚乳酸（PLGA）NPs可作为一种合适的牙槽内抗菌药物替代品。

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来源期刊

International endodontic journal 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

28.00%

发文量

195

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The International Endodontic Journal is published monthly and strives to publish original articles of the highest quality to disseminate scientific and clinical knowledge; all manuscripts are subjected to peer review. Original scientific articles are published in the areas of biomedical science, applied materials science, bioengineering, epidemiology and social science relevant to endodontic disease and its management, and to the restoration of root-treated teeth. In addition, review articles, reports of clinical cases, book reviews, summaries and abstracts of scientific meetings and news items are accepted. The International Endodontic Journal is essential reading for general dental practitioners, specialist endodontists, research, scientists and dental teachers.