Rapid screening of riot control agents using DART-TD-HRMS.

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 TOXICOLOGY Forensic Toxicology Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI:10.1007/s11419-024-00681-5

Lina Mörén, Anders Östin, Andreas Larsson, Julia Forsberg, Daniel Wiktelius, Pernilla Lindén

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Abstract

Purpose: Riot Control Agents (RCAs) are chemicals used in law enforcement for non-lethal riot control and use in conflicts between states that violates the Chemical Weapons Convention. OPCW's Scientific Advisory Board has identified sixteen potential RCAs including capsaicinoids, CS, and CR. RCAs may be misused for criminal purposes, so methods for detecting such misuse are needed. This study therefore evaluates the feasibility of a rapid, high throughput screening method of RCAs on surfaces (particularly clothing surfaces) by Direct Analysis in Real Time with a thermal desorption unit coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (DART-TD-HRMS).

Methods: A broadly applicable method for detecting potential RCAs was developed and tested on cotton fabric samples sprayed with self-defence sprays from an in-house reference stock. The feasibility of detecting RCAs by direct analysis of surface wipe samples placed in the DART source was also investigated.

Results: The method detected all sixteen RCAs and contaminated clothing were successfully screened for active agents in a reference collection of self-defence sprays. A pilot study also showed that RCAs can be detected by holding a sample directly in front of the DART source.

Conclusion: DART-TD-HRMS enables rapid and simple screening of RCAs on fabric samples enabling a high sample throughput.

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利用 DART-TD-HRMS 快速筛选防暴制剂。

目的：骚乱控制剂（RCAs）是执法部门用于非致命性骚乱控制的化学品，也可用于违反《化学武器公约》的国家间冲突。禁止化学武器组织的科学顾问委员会已经确定了十六种潜在的 RCA，包括辣椒素、CS 和 CR。RCA 可能会被滥用于犯罪目的，因此需要找到检测此类滥用的方法。因此，本研究评估了通过热脱附装置与高分辨率质谱联用直接实时分析法（DART-TD-HRMS）对表面（尤其是衣物表面）上的 RCA 进行快速、高通量筛选的可行性：方法：开发了一种广泛适用的检测潜在 RCA 的方法，并在喷洒了自卫喷雾剂的棉织物样品上进行了测试。此外，还研究了通过直接分析置于 DART 源中的表面擦拭样本来检测 RCA 的可行性：结果：该方法检测出了所有 16 种 RCA，并成功地在自卫喷雾剂参考样品集中对受污染的衣物进行了活性剂筛查。一项试验研究还表明，将样品直接放在 DART 源前也能检测出 RCA：结论：DART-TD-HRMS 可以对织物样品上的 RCA 进行快速、简单的筛查，从而提高样品处理量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Forensic Toxicology TOXICOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The journal Forensic Toxicology provides an international forum for publication of studies on toxic substances, drugs of abuse, doping agents, chemical warfare agents, and their metabolisms and analyses, which are related to laws and ethics. It includes original articles, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications, and case reports. Although a major focus of the journal is on the development or improvement of analytical methods for the above-mentioned chemicals in human matrices, appropriate studies with animal experiments are also published. Forensic Toxicology is the official publication of the Japanese Association of Forensic Toxicology (JAFT) and is the continuation of the Japanese Journal of Forensic Toxicology (ISSN 0915-9606).