The therapeutic potential of immunoengineering for systemic autoimmunity

IF 29.4 1区 医学 Q1 RHEUMATOLOGY Nature Reviews Rheumatology Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI:10.1038/s41584-024-01084-x
David A. McBride, Ryan M. Jones, Nunzio Bottini, Nisarg J. Shah
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Abstract

Disease-modifying drugs have transformed the treatment options for many systemic autoimmune diseases. However, an evolving understanding of disease mechanisms, which might vary between individuals, is paving the way for the development of novel agents that operate in a patient-tailored manner through immunophenotypic regulation of disease-relevant cells and the microenvironment of affected tissue domains. Immunoengineering is a field that is focused on the application of engineering principles to the modulation of the immune system, and it could enable future personalized and immunoregulatory therapies for rheumatic diseases. An important aspect of immunoengineering is the harnessing of material chemistries to design technologies that span immunologically relevant length scales, to enhance or suppress immune responses by re-balancing effector and regulatory mechanisms in innate or adaptive immunity and rescue abnormalities underlying pathogenic inflammation. These materials are endowed with physicochemical properties that enable features such as localization in immune cells and organs, sustained delivery of immunoregulatory agents, and mimicry of key functions of lymphoid tissue. Immunoengineering applications already exist for disease management, and there is potential for this new discipline to improve disease modification in rheumatology. Immunoengineering involves the design of materials with specific properties relating to the immune system. In this Review the authors consider the application of immunoengineering to systemic autoimmune diseases via site-specific and antigen-specific immunoregulation, the facilitation of immune cell therapy, novel approaches to immunodiagnostics and the generation of models to study autoimmunity.

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免疫工程对系统性自身免疫的治疗潜力。
疾病修饰药物改变了许多系统性自身免疫疾病的治疗方案。然而,人们对疾病机理的认识在不断加深,而疾病机理可能因人而异,这为开发新型药物铺平了道路,这些药物通过对疾病相关细胞和受影响组织区域微环境的免疫表型调节,以适合患者的方式发挥作用。免疫工程学是一个专注于将工程学原理应用于调节免疫系统的领域,它可以实现未来针对风湿性疾病的个性化免疫调节疗法。免疫工程的一个重要方面是利用材料化学来设计跨越免疫学相关长度尺度的技术,通过重新平衡先天性或适应性免疫中的效应机制和调节机制来增强或抑制免疫反应,并挽救致病性炎症的异常基础。这些材料具有物理化学特性,可在免疫细胞和器官中定位、持续输送免疫调节药剂以及模仿淋巴组织的关键功能。免疫工程已经应用于疾病管理,这门新学科有潜力改善风湿病学中的疾病治疗。
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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Rheumatology
Nature Reviews Rheumatology 医学-风湿病学
CiteScore
29.90
自引率
0.90%
发文量
137
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Rheumatology is part of the Nature Reviews portfolio of journals. The journal scope covers the entire spectrum of rheumatology research. We ensure that our articles are accessible to the widest possible audience.
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