School Connectedness and Suicide Among High School Youth: A Systematic Review

IF 1.8 4区医学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Journal of School Health Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI:10.1111/josh.13445

Cody W. Welty MSPH, Lindsay Bingham MPH, Mario Morales MA, Lynn B. Gerald MSPH, PhD, Katherine D. Ellingson PhD, Patricia L. Haynes PhD

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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Suicide is a leading cause of death for adolescents, and school connectedness is a potential, modifiable protective factor for suicide. We sought to examine if school connectedness protected against suicide among high school students and if potential moderators affected the relationship between school connectedness and suicide.

METHODS

We searched online databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) on December 12, 2021, for studies that examined the effects of school connectedness on suicide among high school students.

RESULTS

This systematic review identified 34 studies that examined the effects of school connectedness on adolescent suicidality. Results indicated mixed findings of school connectedness on suicidality. Among studies that assessed a suicide ideation outcome, 73.3% found that school connectedness protected against suicide. Among studies that assessed a suicide attempts outcome, 50% found that school connectedness protected against suicide. Most included studies did not control for notable variables in their final models, such as sleep, impulsivity, substance use, or depression. No studies examined moderators of school connectedness and suicide.

CONCLUSIONS

School connectedness is somewhat protective of suicidality, and more protective of suicidal ideation than suicide attempts. Researchers should examine the construct of school connectedness among modern youth to better understand school connectedness and suicide.

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学校联系与高中青少年自杀：系统回顾

背景：自杀是青少年的主要死因，而学校联系是自杀的潜在、可调节的保护因素。我们试图研究学校联系是否能防止高中生自杀，以及潜在的调节因素是否会影响学校联系与自杀之间的关系：我们于 2021 年 12 月 12 日在网上数据库（PubMed、EMBASE、CINAHL 和 PsycINFO）中搜索了有关学校关联性对高中生自杀影响的研究：本系统性综述确定了 34 项研究，探讨了学校联系对青少年自杀的影响。结果显示，学校联系对自杀倾向的影响结果不一。在评估自杀意念结果的研究中，73.3%的研究发现学校联系可防止自杀。在评估自杀未遂结果的研究中，50%的研究发现学校联系可防止自杀。大多数纳入研究的最终模型都没有对睡眠、冲动、药物使用或抑郁等显著变量进行控制。没有研究探讨了学校联系与自杀的调节因素：结论：学校联系对自杀倾向有一定的保护作用，对自杀意念的保护作用大于对自杀未遂的保护作用。研究人员应研究现代青少年的学校关联性，以更好地了解学校关联性与自杀的关系。

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来源期刊

Journal of School Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

9.10%

发文量

134

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of School Health is published 12 times a year on behalf of the American School Health Association. It addresses practice, theory, and research related to the health and well-being of school-aged youth. The journal is a top-tiered resource for professionals who work toward providing students with the programs, services, and environment they need for good health and academic success.