Indication of the impact of increased turbulent activity in the troposphere on the phase measurements of GNSS radio signals (the example of Nadia Hurricane)

Abstract

The authors examine the impact of Nadia Hurricane, 2022, January, 29–30, over the southern coast of the Baltic Sea, on phase measurements of permanent GNSS stations. For this purpose, the data were processed in PPP mode from 10 objects located in Poland and the Kaliningrad oblast of the Russian Federation. As a result, residuals were obtained, from which the contribution of multipath, ephemeris errors and those, in clock corrections of navigation satellites, were subtracted. It was found out that the standard deviation of cleaned residuals is a weak indicator of increased turbulent activity caused by the hurricane. However, simple counting the total daily number of large cleaned residuals, normalized to the zenith direction can be an effective indicator for identifying periods of high tropospheric turbulence. It can be used both for remote sensing of rapidly developing weather processes, and in interpreting data from permanently operating satellite geodetic monitoring stations of particularly dangerous and technically complex objects