Estado actual del herpes zóster y las nuevas perspectivas para su prevención

Abstract

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a relatively common disease whose incidence increases with age and in immunocompromising situations. Mortality caused by HZ is low, but its complications impact on physical, psychological, functional, and social aspects of patients, significantly reducing health-related quality of life. Postherpetic neuralgia is the most common complication, and is characterized by symptoms of neuropathic pain including allodynia and hyperalgesia with electrical, burning, and/or stabbing sensations that persist more than 90 days. Its management is complex and has limitations, which increases the demand for health resources and also increases direct and indirect costs. This article reviews the epidemiological and clinical features of HZ, the available treatments and vaccines against HZ, as well as national and international vaccination recommendations. In addition, the role of Primary Care is emphasized as a catalyst for the implementation of adult vaccination.