Comparison of multi-component and mono-component intumescent flame retardants for thermoplastic polyurethane composites

IF 3.8 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI:10.1002/vnl.22100

Minghao Li, Siyi Bi, Chunhui Chen, Wenqing Hai, Ziyang Jiang, Qian Meng, Enquan Hao, Hongjie Li, Huiqi Shao, Guangwei Shao, Jinhua Jiang, Nanliang Chen

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Abstract

Conventional intumescent flame retardant (IFR) is comprised of multiple components (acid, carbon, and gas source). In comparison, “all-in-one” design of mono-component IFR is effective to impart the homogeneity to functional sources in polymer matrix, which is significant to improve the synergy against combustion. In this work, a core-shell structured mono-component IFR (MAPP@FDS) are prepared with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and furfural-derived Schiff base (FDS) and applied to modification of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). TPU composite with the as-prepared mono-component IFR (TPU/MAPP@FDS) exhibits V-0 rating in UL-94 test and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 32.0%, with prominent bulkiness of carbonaceous layer. Cone calorimetry tests (CCTs) showed a significant reduction in total heat release (THR) and peak heat release rate (pHRR) for TPU/MAPP@FDS compared with the TPU composites with multi-component IFR. By analyzing the morphology and composition of residual char, the flame-retardant mechanism of TPU/MAPP@FDS is reasonably proposed. This work illustrates the superiority of the integration to prepare mono-component IFR and provides a potential method in developing TPU composites with remarkable flame retardancy.

Highlights

TPU/MAPP@FDS achieves a LOI value of 32.0% and UL-94 V-0 rating.
TPU/MAPP@FDS exhibits significantly enhanced flame retardancy compared with TPU composites incorporated multi-component IFR.
The synergy in multi-component IFR is prominently strengthened.

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用于热塑性聚氨酯复合材料的多组分和单组分膨胀型阻燃剂的比较

传统的膨胀型阻燃剂（IFR）由多种成分（酸、碳和气源）组成。相比之下，"一体化 "设计的单组分膨胀型阻燃剂能有效提高聚合物基体中功能源的均匀性，这对提高阻燃协同效应意义重大。本研究用聚磷酸铵（APP）和糠醛衍生席夫碱（FDS）制备了核壳结构单组分 IFR（MAPP@FDS），并将其应用于热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）的改性。含有制备的单组分 IFR 的热塑性聚氨酯复合材料（TPU/MAPP@FDS）在 UL-94 测试中达到 V-0 级，极限氧指数（LOI）值为 32.0%，碳质层的膨松性突出。锥形量热试验（CCT）表明，与含有多组分 IFR 的 TPU 复合材料相比，TPU/MAPP@FDS 的总释放热量（THR）和峰值释放热量（pRR）显著降低。通过分析残炭的形态和成分，合理地提出了 TPU/MAPP@FDS 的阻燃机理。这项工作说明了集成制备单组分 IFR 的优越性，为开发具有显著阻燃性能的 TPU 复合材料提供了一种潜在的方法。

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来源期刊

Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

14.80%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology is a peer-reviewed technical publication for new work in the fields of polymer modifiers and additives, vinyl polymers and selected review papers. Over half of all papers in JVAT are based on technology of additives and modifiers for all classes of polymers: thermoset polymers and both condensation and addition thermoplastics. Papers on vinyl technology include PVC additives.