Effects of victimization and perpetration in observing bullying scenes: an eye-tracker study{es}

IF 5.3 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI:10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100451
Laura Menabò , Simona C.S. Caravita , Grace Skrzypiec , Phillip Slee , Annalisa Guarini
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Abstract

Introduction

Previous research showed that bullying experiences are associated with different ways of interpreting and behaving in bullying dynamics. However, it remains uncertain whether these distinctions can already be present during the first step of information processing: the allocation of attention.

Aims

The study explored attentional patterns of Italian students with different bullying experiences in daily life while observing different roles represented through bullying vignettes.

Methods

Participants (72 students, Mage= 11.18) were categorized as victims, bully-victims, or not involved based on their scores on a self-report questionnaire. They observed 9 bullying vignettes on which different portraits were presented (bully, victim, pro-bully, defender, bystander) while the eye-tracker registered attentional indexes (fixation, visit and duration).

Results

Kruskal- Wallis and pairwise comparisons revealed a significant effect for the portraits of the bully and the pro-bully as bully-victims exhibited greater fixations and visits than victims, while students not involved showed no significant differences with the other groups.

Conclusion

Our research reveals that bully-victims focused more on threatening cues while victims diverged their gaze from them, confirming that the experience of bullying influences how they explore aggressive situations. Learning how involved students direct their attention helps us understand different responses, leading to powerful interventions.

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观察欺凌场景时受害和施暴的影响:一项眼动追踪研究{es}。
引言 以前的研究表明,欺凌经历与在欺凌动态中的不同解释和行为方式有关。本研究探讨了在日常生活中有不同欺凌经历的意大利学生在观察欺凌小故事中的不同角色时的注意模式。方法根据自我报告问卷的得分,将参与者(72 名学生,平均年龄= 11.18)分为受害者、欺凌-受害者或无关者。结果Kruskal- Wallis 和成对比较显示,欺凌受害者比受害者表现出更多的固定和访问,因此欺凌受害者和支持欺凌者的肖像有显著影响,而未参与欺凌的学生与其他组没有显著差异。结论我们的研究表明,受欺凌者更关注威胁性线索,而受害者则将视线从威胁性线索上移开,这证实了受欺凌的经历会影响他们探索攻击性情境的方式。了解参与其中的学生如何引导他们的注意力有助于我们理解不同的反应,从而采取有力的干预措施。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
5.70%
发文量
38
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology is dedicated to publishing manuscripts with a strong emphasis on both basic and applied research, encompassing experimental, clinical, and theoretical contributions that advance the fields of Clinical and Health Psychology. With a focus on four core domains—clinical psychology and psychotherapy, psychopathology, health psychology, and clinical neurosciences—the IJCHP seeks to provide a comprehensive platform for scholarly discourse and innovation. The journal accepts Original Articles (empirical studies) and Review Articles. Manuscripts submitted to IJCHP should be original and not previously published or under consideration elsewhere. All signing authors must unanimously agree on the submitted version of the manuscript. By submitting their work, authors agree to transfer their copyrights to the Journal for the duration of the editorial process.
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