The changing psychiatry workforce in Australia: Still lacking in rural and remote regions

IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q2 NURSING Australian Journal of Rural Health Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI:10.1111/ajr.13092
Catherine Mary Hayter MChD, Stephen Allison FRANZCP, Tarun Bastiampillai FRANZCP, Steve Kisely DMedRes, Jeffrey C. L. Looi DMedSc
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Abstract

Introduction

There is a long standing and worsening shortage of psychiatrists in Australia particularly in rural areas. The majority of psychiatrists work in major cities.

Objective

To identify recent trends in the Australian rural psychiatrist workforce compared with the metropolitan workforce.

Design

We descriptively analysed population-level data from the National Health Workforce Data Set (NHWDS), the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) and the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS).

A descriptive analysis of the numbers (count) and gender of psychiatrists from 1995 to 2022 working in Australia was conducted. For the period 2013 to 2022, we analysed for rurality, gender, years' experience, hours worked, Medicare-subsidised services provided and proportions of Specialist International Medical Graduates (SIMG) by sex, with a focus on the rural workforce. For international comparison, psychiatrist numbers were obtained for other OECD countries. The number of psychiatrists working in Australia, as per NHWDS and AIHW, was quantified. We analysed trends in demographics, hours worked and rurality of psychiatrists working in Australia in a serial cross-sectional design.

Findings

Most psychiatrists are maldistributed to major cities, while outer regional and remote areas have few resident psychiatrists. Outer regional New South Wales (NSW) and South Australia (SA) have the lowest numbers of psychiatrists per capita. The full-time equivalent (FTE) of psychiatrists per 100 000 has increased from 12.6 in 2000 to 15.2 in 2022. However, the average hours worked by psychiatrists has declined. In total, available psychiatrist hours worked per 100 000 population has increased by 6.1% since the beginning of the millennium.

Discussion

Rural areas in NSW and SA have the greatest shortage of psychiatrists. Specialist International Medical Graduates and females (43% of the overall workforce) are the predominant workforce in rural areas. Although Medicare-subsidised services per 1000 people have increased in rural areas, they remain lower than for those living in major cities.

Conclusion

There remains an acute shortage of psychiatrists in many regional and remote areas of Australia, with an increasing proportion of SIMGs and females working in these areas, in the context of future increased demand.

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澳大利亚不断变化的精神病学人才队伍:农村和偏远地区仍然缺乏。
导言:在澳大利亚,精神科医生短缺的问题由来已久,而且日益严重,尤其是在农村地区。大多数精神科医生都在大城市工作:目的:与大城市的精神科医生队伍相比,确定澳大利亚农村地区精神科医生队伍的最新趋势:设计:我们对来自国家卫生劳动力数据集(NHWDS)、澳大利亚卫生福利研究院(AIHW)和澳大利亚统计局(ABS)的人口级数据进行了描述性分析。我们对 1995 年至 2022 年在澳大利亚工作的精神科医生的人数(计数)和性别进行了描述性分析。在2013年至2022年期间,我们分析了乡村地区、性别、工作年限、工作时间、提供的医疗保险补贴服务以及按性别分列的国际医学专业毕业生(SIMG)比例,重点关注乡村地区的劳动力。为了进行国际比较,我们还获得了其他经合组织国家的精神科医生人数。根据国家卫生与健康数据系统(NHWDS)和澳大利亚卫生与健康研究院(AIHW)的数据,我们对在澳大利亚工作的精神科医生人数进行了量化。我们采用序列横截面设计,分析了在澳大利亚工作的精神科医生在人口统计学、工作时间和乡村化方面的趋势:大多数精神科医生分布在大城市,而外围地区和偏远地区的常驻精神科医生很少。新南威尔士州(NSW)和南澳大利亚州(SA)外围地区的人均精神科医生人数最少。每 10 万名精神科医生中的全职等效人数(FTE)已从 2000 年的 12.6 人增至 2022 年的 15.2 人。然而,精神科医生的平均工作时数却有所下降。总体而言,自本世纪初以来,每 10 万人中精神科医生的可用工作时数增加了 6.1%:讨论:新南威尔士州和南澳大利亚州的农村地区最缺乏精神科医生。专科国际医学毕业生和女性(占总劳动力的 43%)是农村地区的主要劳动力。虽然农村地区每千人的医疗保险补贴服务有所增加,但仍低于大城市:结论:在未来需求增加的背景下,澳大利亚许多地区和偏远地区仍然严重缺乏精神科医生,而在这些地区工作的 SIMGs 和女性比例也在不断增加。
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来源期刊
Australian Journal of Rural Health
Australian Journal of Rural Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
16.70%
发文量
122
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: The Australian Journal of Rural Health publishes articles in the field of rural health. It facilitates the formation of interdisciplinary networks, so that rural health professionals can form a cohesive group and work together for the advancement of rural practice, in all health disciplines. The Journal aims to establish a national and international reputation for the quality of its scholarly discourse and its value to rural health professionals. All articles, unless otherwise identified, are peer reviewed by at least two researchers expert in the field of the submitted paper.
期刊最新文献
How First Nations peoples living in the Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area describe and discuss social and emotional well-being. Growing the peer workforce in rural mental health and social and emotional well-being services: A scoping review of the literature. Understanding the professional factors that impact the retention of pathology workers in regional, rural and remote Australia. Issue Information Evaluation of nurse practitioners' extended scope of practice in a regional hospital emergency department in tropical Australia.
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