Hypersensitivity Reactions to Homemade Topical Preparations.

Mislav Rončević, Katarina Radas, Suzana Ljubojević Hadžavdić
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Abstract

Homemade topical preparations are becoming increasingly popular due to the widespread belief that herbal and natural products are a safer and better option in the treatment of various conditions. However, homemade topical preparations can precipitate allergic and irritant reactions, depending on the herbal composition of the preparation. Hypersensitivity reactions to such preparations range from contact allergic dermatitis, contact irritant dermatitis, contact urticaria, toxic reaction, photosensitivity, and phototoxic reaction. In Europe, and especially in the Mediterranean area, medicinal herbs from the Compositae family and aromatic Mediterranean herbs are most frequently used in the formulation of topical preparations. Although plants are regarded as strong sensitizers, the number of reported cases of hypersensitivity reactions is relatively small. The problems are limitations in diagnostics due to the lack of necessary patch test substances and the danger of active sensitization during testing. Caution is required in patients prone to allergies and those with existing dermatoses, who should be advised to use registered preparations. The first step in management is cessation of exposure, followed by implementation of topical corticosteroids. Systemic corticosteroid therapy is reserved for more severe cases.

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自制外用制剂的过敏反应。
由于人们普遍认为草药和天然产品是治疗各种疾病的更安全、更好的选择,自制外用制剂越来越受欢迎。然而,自制外用制剂可能会引发过敏和刺激反应,这取决于制剂中的草药成分。对这类制剂的过敏反应包括接触性过敏性皮炎、接触性刺激性皮炎、接触性荨麻疹、毒性反应、光敏性反应和光毒性反应。在欧洲,尤其是在地中海地区,菊科药用植物和地中海芳香植物最常用于配制外用制剂。虽然植物被认为是强致敏剂,但报告的超敏反应病例数量相对较少。问题在于,由于缺乏必要的斑贴试验物质,诊断受到限制,而且在试验过程中存在主动致敏的危险。对于易过敏的患者和已有皮肤病的患者应谨慎使用,建议他们使用注册制剂。治疗的第一步是停止接触,然后使用局部皮质类固醇。全身性皮质类固醇治疗适用于较严重的病例。
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