{"title":"Optimising IL-2 for Cancer Immunotherapy.","authors":"Jonathan Sprent, Onur Boyman","doi":"10.4110/in.2024.24.e5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The key role of T cells in cancer immunotherapy is well established and is highlighted by the remarkable capacity of Ab-mediated checkpoint blockade to overcome T-cell exhaustion and amplify anti-tumor responses. However, total or partial tumor remission following checkpoint blockade is still limited to only a few types of tumors. Hence, concerted attempts are being made to devise new methods for improving tumor immunity. Currently, much attention is being focused on therapy with IL-2. This cytokine is a powerful growth factor for T cells and optimises their effector functions. When used at therapeutic doses for cancer treatment, however, IL-2 is highly toxic. Nevertheless, recent work has shown that modifying the structure or presentation of IL-2 can reduce toxicity and lead to effective anti-tumor responses in synergy with checkpoint blockade. Here, we review the complex interaction of IL-2 with T cells: first during normal homeostasis, then during responses to pathogens, and finally in anti-tumor responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":13307,"journal":{"name":"Immune Network","volume":"24 1","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10917570/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Immune Network","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.4110/in.2024.24.e5","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/2/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The key role of T cells in cancer immunotherapy is well established and is highlighted by the remarkable capacity of Ab-mediated checkpoint blockade to overcome T-cell exhaustion and amplify anti-tumor responses. However, total or partial tumor remission following checkpoint blockade is still limited to only a few types of tumors. Hence, concerted attempts are being made to devise new methods for improving tumor immunity. Currently, much attention is being focused on therapy with IL-2. This cytokine is a powerful growth factor for T cells and optimises their effector functions. When used at therapeutic doses for cancer treatment, however, IL-2 is highly toxic. Nevertheless, recent work has shown that modifying the structure or presentation of IL-2 can reduce toxicity and lead to effective anti-tumor responses in synergy with checkpoint blockade. Here, we review the complex interaction of IL-2 with T cells: first during normal homeostasis, then during responses to pathogens, and finally in anti-tumor responses.
T 细胞在癌症免疫疗法中的关键作用已得到充分证实,Ab 介导的检查点阻断疗法在克服 T 细胞衰竭和增强抗肿瘤反应方面的显著能力也凸显了这一点。然而,检查点阻断后肿瘤的完全或部分缓解仍仅限于少数类型的肿瘤。因此,人们正齐心协力,试图设计出改善肿瘤免疫的新方法。目前,IL-2疗法备受关注。这种细胞因子是一种强大的 T 细胞生长因子,能优化 T 细胞的效应功能。然而,当以治疗剂量用于癌症治疗时,IL-2 具有很强的毒性。然而,最近的研究表明,改变 IL-2 的结构或表达方式可以降低毒性,并与检查点阻断协同作用,产生有效的抗肿瘤反应。在此,我们回顾了 IL-2 与 T 细胞的复杂相互作用:首先是在正常稳态过程中,然后是在对病原体的反应过程中,最后是在抗肿瘤反应过程中。
期刊介绍:
Immune Network publishes novel findings in basic and clinical immunology and aims to provide a medium through which researchers in various fields of immunology can share and connect. The journal focuses on advances and insights into the regulation of the immune system and the immunological mechanisms of various diseases. Research that provides integrated insights into translational immunology is given preference for publication. All submissions are evaluated based on originality, quality, clarity, and brevity