TNF in Human Tuberculosis: A Double-Edged Sword.

IF 4.3 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY Immune Network Pub Date : 2024-01-26 eCollection Date: 2024-02-01 DOI:10.4110/in.2024.24.e4
Jae-Min Yuk, Jin Kyung Kim, In Soo Kim, Eun-Kyeong Jo
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Abstract

TNF, a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine, is important for protective immunity and immunopathology during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, which causes tuberculosis (TB) in humans. TNF is produced primarily by phagocytes in the lungs during the early stages of Mtb infection and performs diverse physiological and pathological functions by binding to its receptors in a context-dependent manner. TNF is essential for granuloma formation, chronic infection prevention, and macrophage recruitment to and activation at the site of infection. In animal models, TNF, in cooperation with chemokines, contributes to the initiation, maintenance, and clearance of mycobacteria in granulomas. Although anti-TNF therapy is effective against immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, it carries the risk of reactivating TB. Furthermore, TNF-associated inflammation contributes to cachexia in patients with TB. This review focuses on the multifaceted role of TNF in the pathogenesis and prevention of TB and underscores the importance of investigating the functions of TNF and its receptors in the establishment of protective immunity against and in the pathology of TB. Such investigations will facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies that target TNF signaling, which makes beneficial and detrimental contributions to the pathogenesis of TB.

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人类结核病中的 TNF:一把双刃剑
TNF 是一种多向性促炎细胞因子,在结核分枝杆菌(Mtb)感染期间对保护性免疫和免疫病理起着重要作用。TNF 主要由肺部吞噬细胞在 Mtb 感染的早期阶段产生,并通过与受体结合的方式发挥多种生理和病理功能。TNF 对于肉芽肿的形成、慢性感染的预防以及巨噬细胞在感染部位的招募和活化至关重要。在动物模型中,TNF 与趋化因子合作,有助于肉芽肿中分枝杆菌的形成、维持和清除。虽然抗 TNF 治疗对类风湿性关节炎等免疫性疾病有效,但它也有可能使结核病重新活化。此外,与 TNF 相关的炎症也会导致结核病患者出现恶病质。本综述侧重于 TNF 在结核病发病机制和预防中的多方面作用,并强调了研究 TNF 及其受体在建立针对结核病的保护性免疫以及在结核病病理学中的功能的重要性。这些研究将有助于开发针对 TNF 信号转导的治疗策略,TNF 信号转导对结核病的发病机制既有利也有弊。
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来源期刊
Immune Network
Immune Network Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
3.30%
发文量
36
期刊介绍: Immune Network publishes novel findings in basic and clinical immunology and aims to provide a medium through which researchers in various fields of immunology can share and connect. The journal focuses on advances and insights into the regulation of the immune system and the immunological mechanisms of various diseases. Research that provides integrated insights into translational immunology is given preference for publication. All submissions are evaluated based on originality, quality, clarity, and brevity
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