The DST gene in neurobiology.

IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q3 GENETICS & HEREDITY Journal of neurogenetics Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1080/01677063.2024.2319880
Robert Lalonde, Catherine Strazielle
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Abstract

DST is a gene whose alternative splicing yields epithelial, neuronal, and muscular isoforms. The autosomal recessive Dstdt (dystonia musculorum) spontaneous mouse mutation causes degeneration of spinocerebellar tracts as well as peripheral sensory nerves, dorsal root ganglia, and cranial nerve ganglia. In addition to Dstdt mutants, axonopathy and neurofilament accumulation in perikarya are features of two other murine lines with spontaneous Dst mutations, targeted Dst knockout mice, DstTg4 transgenic mice carrying two deleted Dst exons, DstGt mice with trapped actin-binding domain-containing isoforms, and conditional Schwann cell-specific Dst knockout mice. As a result of nerve damage, Dstdt mutants display dystonia and ataxia, as seen in several genetically modified models and their motor coordination deficits have been quantified along with the spontaneous Dst nonsense mutant, the conditional Schwann cell-specific Dst knockout, the conditional DstGt mutant, and the Dst-b isoform specific Dst mutant. Recent findings in humans have associated DST mutations of the Dst-b isoform with hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies type 6 (HSAN-VI). These data should further encourage the development of genetic techniques to treat or prevent ataxic and dystonic symptoms.

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神经生物学中的 DST 基因
DST 是一种基因,其替代剪接可产生上皮细胞、神经细胞和肌肉异构体。常染色体隐性遗传的 Dstdt(肌张力障碍)小鼠自发突变会导致脊髓小脑束以及周围感觉神经、背根神经节和颅神经节变性。除 Dstdt 突变体外,轴突病变和神经纤维在神经周围积聚也是其他两个自发性 Dst 突变小鼠品系、靶向 Dst 基因敲除小鼠、携带两个缺失 Dst 外显子的 DstTg4 转基因小鼠、含有肌动蛋白结合域异构体的 DstGt 小鼠和条件性许旺细胞特异性 Dst 基因敲除小鼠的特征。由于神经损伤,Dstdt 突变体表现出肌张力障碍和共济失调,这在几种转基因模型中都可以看到,而且它们的运动协调障碍已经与自发性 Dst 无义突变体、条件性许旺细胞特异性 Dst 基因敲除、条件性 DstGt 突变体和 Dst-b 异构体特异性 Dst 突变体一起进行了量化。最近的人类研究发现,Dst-b 同工型的 DST 突变与遗传性感觉和自主神经病变 6 型(HSAN-VI)有关。这些数据将进一步促进治疗或预防共济失调和肌张力障碍症状的基因技术的发展。
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来源期刊
Journal of neurogenetics
Journal of neurogenetics 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal is appropriate for papers on behavioral, biochemical, or cellular aspects of neural function, plasticity, aging or disease. In addition to analyses in the traditional genetic-model organisms, C. elegans, Drosophila, mouse and the zebrafish, the Journal encourages submission of neurogenetic investigations performed in organisms not easily amenable to experimental genetics. Such investigations might, for instance, describe behavioral differences deriving from genetic variation within a species, or report human disease studies that provide exceptional insights into biological mechanisms
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