Moisture thresholds for ignition vary between types of eucalypt forests across an aridity gradient

IF 4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Landscape Ecology Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1007/s10980-024-01864-6
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Abstract

Context

Quantifying spatial and temporal variations in landscape flammability is important for implementing ecologically desirable prescribed burns and gauging the level of fire risk across a landscape. Yet there is a paucity of models that provide adequate spatial detail about landscape flammability for these purposes.

Objectives

Our aim was to quantify spatial and temporal variations in ignitability across a forested landscape. We asked: (1) How do fuel moisture and meteorological variables interact to affect ignitability? (2) Do fuel moisture thresholds for ignition vary across a gradient of forest types? (3) How does the spatial connectivity of ignitable fuel vary over time? (4) How could an ignitability model be used to inform fire management decision-making?

Methods

We conducted field-based ignition tests with flaming firebrands over three fire seasons. Ignitions were attempted across a range of moisture and meteorological conditions at 15 sites in eucalypt forest in south-eastern Australia. Structural equation modelling and generalized linear models were used to quantify relationships between ignitability, aridity, fuel moisture and weather.

Results

The strongest predictors of ignitability were the moisture content of dead near surface fine fuel and in-forest vapour pressure deficit. Ignition thresholds for both varied across an aridity gradient. Dense forests (i.e., wet and damp eucalypt forests) needed drier fuel and drier in-forest atmospheric conditions to ignite than sparser forests (i.e., shrubby foothill forest).

Conclusion

Our modelling of ignitability could inform fire planning in south-eastern Australia and the methodology could be applied elsewhere to develop similar models for other regions. Days with consistently high ignitability across the landscape are more conducive to the development of large wildfires whereas days when ignitability is spatially variable are more suitable for prescribed burning.

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不同类型的桉树林在干旱梯度上的点火湿度阈值各不相同
摘要 背景 量化地貌易燃性的空间和时间变化对于实施生态上理想的规定燃烧和衡量整个地貌的火灾风险水平非常重要。然而,很少有模型能为上述目的提供足够的景观易燃性空间细节。 目标 我们的目标是量化森林景观中可燃性的空间和时间变化。我们的问题是:(1) 燃料水分和气象变量如何相互作用影响可燃性?(2)在不同梯度的森林类型中,引燃的燃料湿度阈值是否不同?(3) 可引燃燃料的空间连通性如何随时间变化?(4) 如何利用可燃性模型为火灾管理决策提供信息? 方法 我们在三个火季中使用燃烧的火带进行了野外点火试验。我们在澳大利亚东南部桉树林中的 15 个地点,在一系列湿度和气象条件下进行了点火试验。采用结构方程模型和广义线性模型来量化可燃性、干旱程度、燃料水分和天气之间的关系。 结果 可燃性的最强预测因素是近地表枯死细小燃料的含水量和林内蒸汽压力不足。这两个因素的点火阈值在干旱度梯度上各不相同。与稀疏的森林(即灌木丛生的山麓森林)相比,茂密的森林(即潮湿的桉树林)需要更干燥的燃料和更干燥的林内大气条件才能点燃。 结论 我们的可燃性模型可为澳大利亚东南部的防火规划提供参考,该方法也可应用于其他地区,为其他地区开发类似的模型。整个地形的可燃性持续较高的日子更有利于大型野火的形成,而可燃性在空间上可变的日子则更适合进行规定的燃烧。
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来源期刊
Landscape Ecology
Landscape Ecology 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
164
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Landscape Ecology is the flagship journal of a well-established and rapidly developing interdisciplinary science that focuses explicitly on the ecological understanding of spatial heterogeneity. Landscape Ecology draws together expertise from both biophysical and socioeconomic sciences to explore basic and applied research questions concerning the ecology, conservation, management, design/planning, and sustainability of landscapes as coupled human-environment systems. Landscape ecology studies are characterized by spatially explicit methods in which spatial attributes and arrangements of landscape elements are directly analyzed and related to ecological processes.
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