{"title":"Exogenous Methyl Salicylate treatment increases tomato zingiberene levels and decreases infestation of adult whiteflies and red spider mites","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s12600-024-01154-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Phytosanitary management on tomato crop is a challenge for organic and conventional growers. Whitefly <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> (Gennadius) and mite <em>Tetranychus evansi</em> Baker and Pritchard are among the major pests. Methyl-salicylate (MeSa) is a methyl ester from salicylic acid and activates secondary metabolism pathways in plants. Zingiberene (ZGB) is a secondary compound associated with resistance to <em>B. tabaci.</em> The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the exogenous MeSA spraying and zingiberene content in tomato leaves and adult whitefly and mite responses. MeSa concentrations [0 (control), 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 µg L<sup>−1</sup>)] were applied on tomato to evaluate the ZGB content and the relationship with whitefly and spider mite on plants. After the last ZGB analysis, plants were placed in <em>B. tabaci-</em>highly infested greenhouse. The number of adult whiteflies on plants was determined three days later. Tomato leaflets were collected from treated plants and infested with five <em>T. evansi</em> e females. The number of larvae emerging from eggs was evaluated after 96 and 120 h. Reduction of adult whiteflies (from 78 to 8%) was also observed in plants exogenously treated with MeSa [significant and negative correlation (0.88)]. The number of eggs and number of larvae were linearly reduced with increase of MeSa concentration. Positive correlation (0.97) between exogenous MeSa concentrations <em>vs</em>. ZGB contents was observed. Negative correlations (0.90, 0.89 and 0.94) were estimated, between MeSa concentration vs. tomato red spider mite oviposition and egg hatchability (96 and 120 h), respectively. These results indicate that exogenous MeSa applications increases ZGB content and plant resistance to <em>B. tabaci</em> and <em>T. evansi.</em></p>","PeriodicalId":20220,"journal":{"name":"Phytoparasitica","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Phytoparasitica","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-024-01154-6","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Phytosanitary management on tomato crop is a challenge for organic and conventional growers. Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and mite Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard are among the major pests. Methyl-salicylate (MeSa) is a methyl ester from salicylic acid and activates secondary metabolism pathways in plants. Zingiberene (ZGB) is a secondary compound associated with resistance to B. tabaci. The aim of the study was to study the relationship between the exogenous MeSA spraying and zingiberene content in tomato leaves and adult whitefly and mite responses. MeSa concentrations [0 (control), 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 µg L−1)] were applied on tomato to evaluate the ZGB content and the relationship with whitefly and spider mite on plants. After the last ZGB analysis, plants were placed in B. tabaci-highly infested greenhouse. The number of adult whiteflies on plants was determined three days later. Tomato leaflets were collected from treated plants and infested with five T. evansi e females. The number of larvae emerging from eggs was evaluated after 96 and 120 h. Reduction of adult whiteflies (from 78 to 8%) was also observed in plants exogenously treated with MeSa [significant and negative correlation (0.88)]. The number of eggs and number of larvae were linearly reduced with increase of MeSa concentration. Positive correlation (0.97) between exogenous MeSa concentrations vs. ZGB contents was observed. Negative correlations (0.90, 0.89 and 0.94) were estimated, between MeSa concentration vs. tomato red spider mite oviposition and egg hatchability (96 and 120 h), respectively. These results indicate that exogenous MeSa applications increases ZGB content and plant resistance to B. tabaci and T. evansi.
期刊介绍：
Phytoparasitica is an international journal on Plant Protection, that publishes original research contributions on the biological, chemical and molecular aspects of Entomology, Plant Pathology, Virology, Nematology, and Weed Sciences, which strives to improve scientific knowledge and technology for IPM, in forest and agroecosystems. Phytoparasitica emphasizes new insights into plant disease and pest etiology, epidemiology, host-parasite/pest biochemistry and cell biology, ecology and population biology, host genetics and resistance, disease vector biology, plant stress and biotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins. Research can cover aspects related to the nature of plant diseases, pests and weeds, the causal agents, their spread, the losses they cause, crop loss assessment, and novel tactics and approaches for their management.
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