The Index of Parental Activities, Context and Experiences (I-PACE): Psychometric Properties of a New Brief Early Parenting Questionnaire

IF 1.6 3区心理学 Q2 FAMILY STUDIES Journal of Child and Family Studies Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1007/s10826-024-02793-3

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Abstract

Time pressures make brevity important for parent self-report measures, yet evidence highlights the multi-faceted nature of parenting and contextual influences. To straddle these competing goals, we developed a brief (23-item) yet broad Index of Parental Activities, Context, and Experiences (I-PACE) aimed at parents of toddlers and pre-schoolers. In two studies we assessed the validity and reliability of the I-PACE. Study 1 involved 870 caregivers (95% female, 75% with degrees, 90% White British) and examined I-PACE ratings alongside; (a) ratings of children’s social-emotional skills and behavior problems; and (b) child age and parental depressive symptoms, to assess its sensitivity to contrasts in child development and parental experience. Study 2 included 191 families with 14-month-olds, for whom 188 mothers and 178 fathers completed the I-PACE and an index of life satisfaction. Supporting the replicability of findings from the I-PACE, both studies showed the same differentiated 5-factor structure (i.e., parental experiences, parenting activities, home environment quality, neighborhood environment quality and childcare environment quality). Supporting the I-PACE’s validity, Study 1 showed that all 5 factors were independently related to both children’s social-emotional skills and behavior problems, with predicted associations with child age and parental depressive symptoms. Supporting the I-PACE’s inter-rater reliability, within-couple associations were significant for parenting activities, home environment, neighborhood quality and childcare quality. Together, these findings indicate that the I-PACE offers a broad yet brief index of early parenting with good psychometric properties and we discuss promising avenues for future research.

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父母活动、背景和经历指数（I-PACE）：新的简明早期养育问卷的心理计量特性

摘要时间的压力使简明扼要成为家长自我报告测量的重要标准，但有证据表明，养育子女和环境影响具有多面性。为了兼顾这些相互竞争的目标，我们针对幼儿和学龄前儿童的父母开发了一个简短（23 个项目）但内容广泛的父母活动、背景和经历指数（I-PACE）。在两项研究中，我们对 I-PACE 的有效性和可靠性进行了评估。研究 1 涉及 870 名看护人（95% 为女性，75% 拥有学位，90% 为英国白人），并将 I-PACE 评分与 (a) 对儿童社交情感技能和行为问题的评分；以及 (b) 儿童年龄和父母抑郁症状结合起来进行研究，以评估其对儿童发展和父母经历对比的敏感性。研究 2 包括 191 个有 14 个月大孩子的家庭，其中 188 位母亲和 178 位父亲完成了 I-PACE 和生活满意度指数。两项研究均显示了相同的 5 因子结构（即父母经验、养育活动、家庭环境质量、邻里环境质量和儿童保育环境质量），这证明了 I-PACE 研究结果的可复制性。研究1显示，所有5个因素都与儿童的社会情感技能和行为问题独立相关，并与儿童年龄和父母抑郁症状有预测关联，这证明了I-PACE的有效性。为了证明I-PACE的评分者间可靠性，夫妻双方内部的关联在养育活动、家庭环境、邻里关系质量和儿童保育质量方面均有显著意义。总之，这些研究结果表明，I-PACE 提供了一个广泛而简短的早期养育指数，具有良好的心理测量特性，我们还讨论了未来研究的前景。

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来源期刊

Journal of Child and Family Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

300

期刊介绍： Journal of Child and Family Studies (JCFS) international, peer-reviewed forum for topical issues pertaining to the behavioral health and well-being of children, adolescents, and their families. Interdisciplinary and ecological in approach, the journal focuses on individual, family, and community contexts that influence child, youth, and family well-being and translates research results into practical applications for providers, program implementers, and policymakers. Original papers address applied and translational research, program evaluation, service delivery, and policy matters that affect child, youth, and family well-being. Topic areas include but are not limited to: enhancing child, youth/young adult, parent, caregiver, and/or family functioning; prevention and intervention related to social, emotional, or behavioral functioning in children, youth, and families; cumulative effects of risk and protective factors on behavioral health, development, and well-being; the effects both of exposure to adverse childhood events and assets/protective factors; child abuse and neglect, housing instability and homelessness, and related ecological factors influencing child and family outcomes.