Murray cod and modern fish screens: influence of water velocity and screen design on the entrainment and impingement of larval and young-of-year fish at water offtakes

IF 1.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 FISHERIES Marine and Freshwater Research Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI:10.1071/mf23239

Jerom R. Stocks, Chris T. Walsh, Thomas S. Rayner, Craig A. Boys

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Abstract

Context

Entrainment and removal of fish from aquatic ecosystems can occur at water pump offtakes. Exclusion screens that reduce these impacts are recognised as an important conservation measure.

Aims

Evaluate the effectiveness of the Australian screen design guidelines in protecting larvae and young-of-year age class of a native fish species, Murray cod Maccullochella peelii.

Methods

Entrainment and impingement of postflexion larvae and young-of-year were assessed in a controlled laboratory environment. Tests were conducted under a range of approach velocities (AV) and impingement durations for two screen materials.

Key results

Fish screens reduced larval entrainment by ≤84%. Screens had no significant effect on reducing larval entrainment at AV ≥0.125 m s⁻¹. Impingement of young-of-year was positively associated with AV and mortality increased with impingement duration, irrespective of screen type.

Conclusions

To protect early life-stage Murray cod, it is recommended that water pump offtakes be fitted with 2-mm vertical wedge-wire stainless steel screens and AV be limited to ≤0.1 m s⁻¹.

Implications

This study represents the first assessment of the effectiveness of the Australian screen design guidelines in protecting larvae, providing knowledge to further refine specifications for screen design and support the recovery of native fish populations.

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墨累鳕鱼和现代鱼网：水流速度和鱼网设计对取水口幼鱼和稚鱼夹带和撞击的影响

背景水泵取水口可能会发生鱼类从水生生态系统中被捕集和移走的情况。能够减少这些影响的拦污栅被认为是一项重要的保护措施。目的评估澳大利亚滤网设计指南在保护本地鱼类--墨累鳕鱼（Maccullochella peelii）的幼鱼和幼年鱼类方面的有效性。方法在受控的实验室环境中对折叠后幼鱼和幼年鱼的诱捕和撞击情况进行评估。测试在两种滤网材料的一系列接近速度（AV）和撞击持续时间下进行。主要结果鱼网减少了≤84%的幼虫夹带。当AV≥0.125 m s-1时，滤网对减少幼虫夹带没有明显作用。无论采用哪种滤网，幼年鱼类的撞击与反车辆速度呈正相关，死亡率随撞击持续时间的延长而增加。结论为保护生命早期阶段的墨瑞鳕，建议在水泵取水口安装 2 毫米垂直楔形不锈钢网，并将 AV 限制在≤0.1 米/秒。意义这项研究首次评估了澳大利亚滤网设计指南在保护幼鱼方面的有效性，为进一步完善滤网设计规范和支持本地鱼类种群的恢复提供了知识。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Marine and Freshwater Research 环境科学-海洋学

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Marine and Freshwater Research is an international and interdisciplinary journal publishing contributions on all aquatic environments. The journal’s content addresses broad conceptual questions and investigations about the ecology and management of aquatic environments. Environments range from groundwaters, wetlands and streams to estuaries, rocky shores, reefs and the open ocean. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: aquatic ecosystem processes, such as nutrient cycling; biology; ecology; biogeochemistry; biogeography and phylogeography; hydrology; limnology; oceanography; toxicology; conservation and management; and ecosystem services. Contributions that are interdisciplinary and of wide interest and consider the social-ecological and institutional issues associated with managing marine and freshwater ecosystems are welcomed. Marine and Freshwater Research is a valuable resource for researchers in industry and academia, resource managers, environmental consultants, students and amateurs who are interested in any aspect of the aquatic sciences. Marine and Freshwater Research is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.