Tracing vitamins on the long non-coding lane of the transcriptome: vitamin regulation of LncRNAs.

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY Genes and Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI:10.1186/s12263-024-00739-4
Fatemeh Yazarlou, Fatemeh Alizadeh, Leonard Lipovich, Roberta Giordo, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
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Abstract

A major revelation of genome-scale biological studies in the post-genomic era has been that two-thirds of human genes do not encode proteins. The majority of non-coding RNA transcripts in humans are long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) molecules, non-protein-coding regulatory transcripts with sizes greater than 500 nucleotides. LncRNAs are involved in nearly every aspect of cellular physiology, playing fundamental regulatory roles both in normal cells and in disease. As result, they are functionally linked to multiple human diseases, from cancer to autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurological disorders. Numerous human conditions and diseases stem from gene-environment interactions; in this regard, a wealth of reports demonstrate that the intake of specific and essential nutrients, including vitamins, shapes our transcriptome, with corresponding impacts on health. Vitamins command a vast array of biological activities, acting as coenzymes, antioxidants, hormones, and regulating cellular proliferation and coagulation. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamins and lncRNAs are interconnected through several regulatory axes. This type of interaction is expected, since lncRNA has been implicated in sensing the environment in eukaryotes, conceptually similar to riboswitches and other RNAs that act as molecular sensors in prokaryotes. In this review, we summarize the peer-reviewed literature to date that has reported specific functional linkages between vitamins and lncRNAs, with an emphasis on mammalian models and humans, while providing a brief overview of the source, metabolism, and function of the vitamins most frequently investigated within the context of lncRNA molecular mechanisms, and discussing the published research findings that document specific connections between vitamins and lncRNAs.

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在转录组的非编码长道上追踪维生素:维生素对 LncRNA 的调控。
后基因组时代基因组规模生物学研究的一个重大发现是,三分之二的人类基因不编码蛋白质。人类大多数非编码 RNA 转录本都是长非编码 RNA(lncRNA)分子,即大小超过 500 个核苷酸的非蛋白编码调控转录本。LncRNA 几乎涉及细胞生理的方方面面,在正常细胞和疾病中都发挥着基本的调控作用。因此,它们在功能上与多种人类疾病有关,从癌症到自身免疫、炎症和神经系统疾病。人类的许多状况和疾病都源于基因与环境的相互作用;在这方面,大量报告表明,摄入特定的必需营养素(包括维生素)会影响我们的转录组,从而对健康产生相应的影响。维生素具有多种生物活性,可作为辅酶、抗氧化剂、激素以及调节细胞增殖和凝固。新的证据表明,维生素和 lncRNAs 通过几个调控轴相互关联。这种类型的相互作用是意料之中的,因为 lncRNA 与真核生物中的环境感应器有牵连,在概念上类似于原核生物中作为分子感应器的核糖开关和其他 RNA。在这篇综述中,我们总结了迄今为止报道维生素与lncRNA之间特定功能联系的同行评审文献,重点是哺乳动物模型和人类,同时简要概述了在lncRNA分子机制背景下最常研究的维生素的来源、代谢和功能,并讨论了已发表的记录维生素与lncRNA之间特定联系的研究结果。
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来源期刊
Genes and Nutrition
Genes and Nutrition 生物-遗传学
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This journal examines the relationship between genetics and nutrition, with the ultimate goal of improving human health. It publishes original research articles and review articles on preclinical research data coming largely from animal, cell culture and other experimental models as well as critical evaluations of human experimental data to help deliver products with medically proven use.
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