Modifiable risk factors for thyroid cancer: lifestyle and residence environment.

Endokrynologia Polska Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI:10.5603/ep.97258
Yi Shen, Xian Wang, Lu Wang, Dandan Xiong, Cailian Wu, Liting Cen, Lianguang Xie, Xiangzhi Li
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Abstract

In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the prevalence of benign and malignant tumours of the thyroid gland worldwide, positioning it as one of the most prevalent neoplasms within the endocrine system. While the pathogenesis of thyroid tumours is still unclear, an increasing number of studies have found that certain lifestyle and residence environments are associated with their occurrence and development. This article endeavours to elucidate the correlation between lifestyle, residential environment, and the increased prevalence of thyroid cancer in recent years. It specifies the frequency of the lifestyle and outlines the scope of the residential environment. It also endeavours to summarise the main mechanistic pathways of various modifiable risk factors that cause thyroid cancer. Factors that prevent thyroid cancer include smoking and alcohol consumption, quality and regular sleep, consumption of cruciferous vegetables and dairy products, and consistent long-term exercise. Conversely, individuals with specific genetic mutations have an elevated risk of thyroid cancer from prolonged and frequent use of mobile phones. In addition, individuals who work in high-pressure jobs, work night shifts, and live near volcanoes or in environments associated with pesticides have an elevated risk of developing thyroid cancer. The impact of living near a nuclear power plant on thyroid cancer remains inconclusive. Raising awareness of modifiable risk factors for thyroid cancer will help to accurately prevent and control thyroid cancer. It will provide a scientific basis for future research on lifestyles and living environments suitable for people at high risk of thyroid cancer.

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甲状腺癌的可改变风险因素:生活方式和居住环境。
近年来,甲状腺良性和恶性肿瘤的发病率在全球范围内迅速上升,成为内分泌系统中最常见的肿瘤之一。虽然甲状腺肿瘤的发病机理尚不清楚,但越来越多的研究发现,某些生活方式和居住环境与甲状腺肿瘤的发生和发展有关。本文试图阐明生活方式、居住环境与近年来甲状腺癌发病率上升之间的相关性。文章明确了生活方式的频率,概述了居住环境的范围。报告还致力于总结导致甲状腺癌的各种可改变风险因素的主要机理途径。预防甲状腺癌的因素包括吸烟和饮酒、高质量和有规律的睡眠、食用十字花科蔬菜和乳制品以及坚持长期锻炼。相反,有特定基因突变的人因长期频繁使用手机而患甲状腺癌的风险会升高。此外,从事高压工作、上夜班、生活在火山附近或与杀虫剂有关的环境中的人患甲状腺癌的风险也会升高。居住在核电站附近对甲状腺癌的影响仍无定论。提高人们对甲状腺癌可改变风险因素的认识,有助于准确预防和控制甲状腺癌。它将为今后研究适合甲状腺癌高危人群的生活方式和生活环境提供科学依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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