Towards a Sustainable and Enhanced Iron Ore Recovery: Bio-beneficiation Review

IF 1.5 4区工程技术 Q3 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Pub Date : 2024-03-16 DOI:10.1007/s42461-024-00950-2

Francis Gitau, Oladunni Oyelola Alabi, Fatai Olufemi Aramide, Kayode Henry Talabi, Mary Nelima Ondiaka

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Abstract

Iron ore is essential in steel making; however, high-grade ores have diminished, making low-grade ores inevitable. These low-grade iron ores need further beneficiation to upgrade the iron content. Currently, traditional physical and chemical methods are utilized and are not environmentally friendly. Bio-beneficiation techniques have emerged as a sustainable alternative for mineral recovery. This review delves into recent bio-beneficiation advancements for enhanced low-grade iron ore recovery using microbes. Research has revealed that bio-beneficiation methods such as bio-leaching, bio-flotation, and bio-flocculation have proven successful in iron recovery from ores. The bio-beneficiation process occurs in mild conditions using bio-reagents derived from microbes and offers a reduction of chemicals used in processing. Bio-beneficiation of iron ore potentially offers a relatively energy-efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method of maximum iron ore recovery. However, this review has identified a scaling-up difficulty in which a future approach for industrial-use applications is offered following a thorough sustainability assessment. Bio-beneficiation, using microbial processes, provides a viable avenue for maximizing iron ore recovery while tackling the constraints of dwindling high-grade iron ore resources and environmental sustainability.

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实现可持续的强化铁矿石回收：生物选矿综述

铁矿石是炼钢的必需品；然而，高品位矿石已经减少，低品位矿石不可避免。这些低品位铁矿石需要进一步选矿，以提高铁含量。目前使用的传统物理和化学方法并不环保。生物选矿技术已成为矿物回收的一种可持续替代方法。本综述深入探讨了近期利用微生物提高低品位铁矿石回收率的生物选矿技术进展。研究表明，生物浸出、生物浮选和生物絮凝等生物选矿方法已被证明能成功地从矿石中回收铁。生物萃取过程在温和的条件下进行，使用从微生物中提取的生物试剂，可减少加工过程中使用的化学品。铁矿石的生物萃取可能是一种相对节能、经济、环保的最大限度回收铁矿石的方法。然而，本综述指出了扩大规模的困难，即在进行全面的可持续性评估后，为工业应用提供未来的方法。利用微生物工艺进行生物选矿，为最大限度地回收铁矿石提供了一条可行的途径，同时也解决了高品位铁矿石资源日益减少和环境可持续性的制约因素。

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来源期刊

Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

10.50%

发文量

177

期刊介绍： The aim of this international peer-reviewed journal of the Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration (SME) is to provide a broad-based forum for the exchange of real-world and theoretical knowledge from academia, government and industry that is pertinent to mining, mineral/metallurgical processing, exploration and other fields served by the Society. The journal publishes high-quality original research publications, in-depth special review articles, reviews of state-of-the-art and innovative technologies and industry methodologies, communications of work of topical and emerging interest, and other works that enhance understanding on both the fundamental and practical levels.