Variation of the Montezuma Quail's Diet in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas

IF 2.4 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY Rangeland Ecology & Management Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI:10.1016/j.rama.2024.02.006
Ana G. Paredes-Acuña , Alberto Macías-Duarte , Reyna A. Castillo-Gámez , Angel B. Montoya , James H. Weaver
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Abstract

The Montezuma quail (Cyrtonyx montezumae) is a game bird that inhabits oak-juniper-pine savannas of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas, extending its range south into montane grasslands of Mexico. The species occurs within a complex matrix of public and private rangeland in which land management regimes and habitat quality are disparate. Given that food limitation can be a driver of wildlife populations, studies of the Montezuma quail diet can inform the management of its habitat. Our objective was to determine the composition and variation of the Montezuma quail's diet in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas by macrohistological analysis of crops (n = 175) collected in 2016−2020 during winter in all three states and during spring in Texas. We used Dirichlet regression to determine the effects of ecological factors on diet composition. Winter diet in Arizona was mainly represented by woodsorrel bulbs (Oxalis spp.; 35.22% of dry weight), sedge rhizomes and bulbs (Cyperus spp.; 30.92%), and acorns (Quercus spp.; 7.17%). Winter diet in New Mexico consisted mainly of sedge bulbs (64.13%), bushbean seeds (Macroptilium sp.; 15.82%), and Hall's panicum seeds (Panicum hallii; 10.11%). Winter diet in Texas was composed of sedge rhizomes and bulbs (28.17%), Texas snoutbeans (Rhynchosia senna; 22.49), Hall's panicum seeds (19.54%), and wild onions (Allium spp.; 8.58%). Spring diet in Texas included sedge rhizomes and bulbs (67.90%), woodsorrel bulbs (19.49%), and Texas snoutbeans (5.55%). Geographic variation in diet composition was related to climatic, ecological, and intrinsic factors. For instance, in addition to being consumed by males at a higher rate, woodsorrel bulbs were also consumed at a greater rate in hotter and wetter locations. Along with novel information about the Montezuma quail diet in Texas, our investigation will stimulate questions relevant to rangeland and wildlife management, including determinants of habitat quality and the effects of climate change on wildlife populations.

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亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州和得克萨斯州蒙特苏马鹌鹑食物的变化
蒙特祖马鹌鹑(Cyrtonyx montezumae)是一种野鸟,栖息于亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州和得克萨斯州的橡树-桧木-松树稀树草原,其分布范围向南延伸至墨西哥的山地草原。该物种栖息在复杂的公共和私人牧场中,这些牧场的土地管理制度和栖息地质量各不相同。鉴于食物限制可能是野生动物种群的一个驱动因素,对蒙特祖马鹌鹑饮食的研究可以为其栖息地的管理提供信息。我们的目标是通过对2016-2020年在亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州和得克萨斯州冬季采集的作物(n = 175)以及在得克萨斯州春季采集的作物(n = 175)进行宏观组织学分析,确定蒙特祖马鹌鹑在亚利桑那州、新墨西哥州和得克萨斯州的食物组成和变化。我们使用 Dirichlet 回归法确定生态因素对食性组成的影响。亚利桑那州的冬季食物主要是木犀属鳞茎(Oxalis spp.;占干重的 35.22%)、莎草根茎和鳞茎(Cyperus spp.;30.92%)以及橡子(Quercus spp.;7.17%)。新墨西哥州的冬季食物主要包括莎草球茎(64.13%)、灌木豆种子(Macroptilium sp.;15.82%)和霍尔堇菜种子(Panicum hallii;10.11%)。得克萨斯州的冬季食物包括莎草根茎和球茎(28.17%)、得克萨斯鼻豆(Rhynchosia senna;22.49%)、霍尔堇菜种子(19.54%)和野葱(Allium spp.;8.58%)。得克萨斯州的春季食物包括莎草根茎和球茎(67.90%)、woodsorrel 球茎(19.49%)和得克萨斯鼻豆(5.55%)。食物组成的地理差异与气候、生态和内在因素有关。例如,在较热和较潮湿的地方,除了雄性的食用率较高外,栗木球茎的食用率也较高。除了有关得克萨斯州蒙特祖马鹌鹑饮食的新信息外,我们的调查还将激发与牧场和野生动物管理相关的问题,包括栖息地质量的决定因素和气候变化对野生动物种群的影响。
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来源期刊
Rangeland Ecology & Management
Rangeland Ecology & Management 农林科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
13.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Rangeland Ecology & Management publishes all topics-including ecology, management, socioeconomic and policy-pertaining to global rangelands. The journal''s mission is to inform academics, ecosystem managers and policy makers of science-based information to promote sound rangeland stewardship. Author submissions are published in five manuscript categories: original research papers, high-profile forum topics, concept syntheses, as well as research and technical notes. Rangelands represent approximately 50% of the Earth''s land area and provision multiple ecosystem services for large human populations. This expansive and diverse land area functions as coupled human-ecological systems. Knowledge of both social and biophysical system components and their interactions represent the foundation for informed rangeland stewardship. Rangeland Ecology & Management uniquely integrates information from multiple system components to address current and pending challenges confronting global rangelands.
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