[Impact of self-reported periodontal status on oral health-related quality of life in adult population with Type 2 Diabetes from Mexico City].

Abstract

Objective: Periodontitis ranks sixth as a type 2 diabetes (T2D) complication. According to its severity, it may cause pain, discomfort and tooth loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of self-reported periodontal status on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) of people with T2D.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving seventy-nine adults with T2D who visited the Metabolic Syndrome clinic at the Cosío Villegas National Institute of Respiratory Diseases in Mexico City between August and November 2010. The OHRQoL was evaluated with the shortened Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-EE14). Periodontitis was measured by self-report, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The association between self-reported periodontal status and OHRQoL was evaluated with binomial regression models.

Results: Mean age of the participants was 60,4 years (SD=9,6); diabetes duration was 10,1 years (SD=6,6). The OHRQoL was associated with self-perception of bad breath (RR=1,58; p=0,025), self-perception of poor gum health (RR=1,66; p=0,016), dissatisfaction with chewing ability (RR=2,22; p≤0,001), tooth loss due to mobility (RR=1,74; p=0,019), and presence of 20 teeth or less (RR=1,57; p=0,045).

Conclusions: OHRQoL is associated with self-report of bad breath, poor gum health and dissatisfaction with chewing ability in people with T2D, which suggests that self-perceived oral conditions represent signs and symptoms of functional and psychological impairment related to severe periodontitis.