Optimization and experiment of seed-filling performance of the air-suction densely planted seed-metering device based on DEM

IF 2.8 3区工程技术 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Computational Particle Mechanics Pub Date : 2024-03-24 DOI:10.1007/s40571-024-00734-x

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Abstract

Aiming at the problem of lower single granularity and uniformity of the existing air-suction seed-metering device under the condition of densely planted crops according to the agronomic requirements of soybean-maize strip intercropping mode, the disturbing effect of seeds on the seed-filling performance was studied to improve the seeding performance of the seed-metering device under the condition of high speed. Based on the theory of discrete element method (DEM), taking the air-suction seed-metering device designed for both soybean and maize as a model and maize variety of ‘Zhengdan 958’ suitable for densely planted as the research object, the DEM single-factor test was conducted on the influence of the structure, position, and number of bosses on disturbing performance with the average kinetic energy, average velocity, and average normal force of seeds as evaluation indexes. The results showed that the disturbing performance of seeds was better when the boss structure was D-type, the diameter of the base circle where bosses located was 160 mm, and the number of bosses was 13. To further improve the structural parameters of the D-type boss, the primary structural parameters, such as the side length and arc radius, were simulated by a single-factor test. The position, side length, and arc radius of the D-type boss were further optimized and verified using central composite design (CCD) based on the results of the single-factor test. The CCD results showed that the average kinetic energy of seeds was 7.39 × 10⁻⁷ J, the average velocity was 4.53 × 10⁻² m/s, and the average normal force was 6.18 × 10⁻² N when the diameter of the base circle where bosses located at 159.865 mm, the side length and arc radius of the D-type boss of 5.690 mm and 5.476 mm, which significantly enhanced the disturbing performance of the seed-metering device. The optimized boss structures and parameters of the seed-metering device were validated with an all-factor test of working speed and working pressure. When the working speed and working pressure were 4 ~ 6 km/h and 7 ~ 7.5 kPa, the qualified rate was 94.75% ~ 97.49%, the multiple rate was 0.92% ~ 1.43%, and the leakage rate was 1.59% ~ 3.82%, all of which were substantially lower than the original one. Therefore, the seed-filling performance of the seed-metering device will be improved by increasing the disturbance of seeds to a certain extent.

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基于 DEM 的气吸式密植种子计量装置充种性能优化与试验

摘要针对现有气吸式种子计量装置在密植条件下单粒度和均匀度较低的问题，根据大豆-玉米带状间作模式的农艺要求，研究了种子对充种性能的干扰作用，以提高高速条件下种子计量装置的播种性能。基于离散元法（DEM）理论，以同时适用于大豆和玉米的气吸式种子计量装置为模型，以适合密植的玉米品种 "郑单 958 "为研究对象，以种子的平均动能、平均速度和平均法向力为评价指标，对其结构、位置和凸轮数量对扰动性能的影响进行了 DEM 单因素试验。结果表明，当凸轮结构为 D 型、凸轮所在基圆的直径为 160 毫米、凸轮数量为 13 个时，种子的扰动性能较好。为进一步改进 D 型凸台的结构参数，通过单因素试验模拟了边长和圆弧半径等主要结构参数。根据单因素试验的结果，采用中心复合设计（CCD）对 D 型凸台的位置、边长和圆弧半径进行了进一步优化和验证。CCD 结果表明，当凸台所在基圆的直径为 159.865 mm，D 型凸台的边长和圆弧半径分别为 5.690 mm 和 5.476 mm 时，种子的平均动能为 7.39 × 10-7 J，平均速度为 4.53 × 10-2 m/s，平均法向力为 6.18 × 10-2 N，显著提高了种子计量装置的干扰性能。通过工作速度和工作压力的全因素试验，验证了优化后的种子计量装置的凸台结构和参数。当工作速度和工作压力分别为 4 ~ 6 km/h 和 7 ~ 7.5 kPa 时，合格率为 94.75% ~ 97.49%，多次率为 0.92% ~ 1.43%，漏种率为 1.59% ~ 3.82%，均大大低于原装置。因此，通过在一定程度上增加种子的扰动，可以提高种子计量装置的充种性能。

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来源期刊

Computational Particle Mechanics Mathematics-Computational Mathematics

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

9.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： GENERAL OBJECTIVES: Computational Particle Mechanics (CPM) is a quarterly journal with the goal of publishing full-length original articles addressing the modeling and simulation of systems involving particles and particle methods. The goal is to enhance communication among researchers in the applied sciences who use "particles'''' in one form or another in their research. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: Particle-based materials and numerical methods have become wide-spread in the natural and applied sciences, engineering, biology. The term "particle methods/mechanics'''' has now come to imply several different things to researchers in the 21st century, including: (a) Particles as a physical unit in granular media, particulate ﬂows, plasmas, swarms, etc., (b) Particles representing material phases in continua at the meso-, micro-and nano-scale and (c) Particles as a discretization unit in continua and discontinua in numerical methods such as Discrete Element Methods (DEM), Particle Finite Element Methods (PFEM), Molecular Dynamics (MD), and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH), to name a few.