Social Media Addiction, Personality Factors and Fear of Negative Evaluation in a Sample of Young Adults

Youth Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI:10.3390/youth4010025
Bettina F Piko, Seron Kíra Krajczár, Hedvig Kiss
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Abstract

Despite growing attention paid to exploring the benefits as well as negative consequences of social media use, we know less about the background variables involved in social media addiction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate several potential contributors to addiction to social media, namely, self-esteem, fear of negative evaluation, sensation seeking and five personality variables. The participants of the online survey were Hungarian university students (N = 250, aged between 18 and 35 years; 59.2% female). Females scored higher on the social media addiction scale [t(248) = −2.42, p < 0.05]. The findings showed that (a) fear of negative evaluation positively predicted social media addiction (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) and (b) self-esteem (β = −0.23, p < 0.01) and conscientiousness (β = −0.14, p < 0.05) negatively predicted social media addiction in this sample of young adults. Additionally, social media addiction was negatively correlated with emotional stability [r (250) = −0.38, p < 0.001] and positively with extraversion; however, these variables were not significant predictors in the multivariate analysis. These findings suggest that young people should learn how to carefully use the Internet and social media settings, e.g., courses on addiction to digital devices should be accessible to all university students.
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青少年样本中的社交媒体成瘾、人格因素和对负面评价的恐惧
尽管人们越来越关注探索使用社交媒体的益处和负面影响,但我们对社交媒体成瘾所涉及的背景变量却知之甚少。因此,本研究旨在调查社交媒体成瘾的几个潜在诱因,即自尊、害怕负面评价、寻求感觉和五个人格变量。在线调查的参与者为匈牙利大学生(250 人,年龄在 18 至 35 岁之间;59.2% 为女性)。女性在社交媒体成瘾量表中得分较高[t(248) = -2.42, p < 0.05]。研究结果表明:(a) 对负面评价的恐惧对社交媒体成瘾有正向预测作用(β = 0.28,p < 0.001);(b) 自尊(β = -0.23,p < 0.01)和自觉性(β = -0.14,p < 0.05)对社交媒体成瘾有负向预测作用。此外,社交媒体成瘾与情绪稳定性呈负相关[r (250) = -0.38,p < 0.001],与外向性呈正相关;但是,这些变量在多元分析中的预测作用并不显著。这些研究结果表明,年轻人应学习如何谨慎使用互联网和社交媒体,例如,所有大学生都应开设有关沉迷于数字设备的课程。
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