Advancing high-performance one-dimensional Si/carbon anodes: Current status and challenges

Abstract

Silicon (Si) anodes, known for their high capacity, confront obstacles such as volume expansion, the solid–electrolyte interface (SEI) formation, and limited cyclability, driving ongoing research for innovative solutions to enhance their performance in next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This comprehensive review explores the forefront of one-dimensional (1D) Si/carbon anodes for high-performance LIBs. This review delves into cutting-edge strategies for fabricating 1D Si/carbon structures, such as nanowires, nanotubes, and nanofibers, highlighting their advantages in mitigating volume expansion, enhancing electron/ion transport, and bolstering cycling stability. The review showcases remarkable achievements in 1D Si/carbon anode performance, including exceptional capacity retention, high-rate capability, and prolonged cycle life. Challenges regarding scalability, cost-effectiveness, and long-term stability are addressed, providing insights into the path to commercialization. Additionally, future directions and potential breakthroughs are outlined, guiding researchers and industries toward harnessing the potential of 1D Si/carbon anodes in revolutionizing energy storage.