Bio-remedial Impact of Elaeocarpus sphaericus Seed Extract (ESSE) against Sodium Arsenite (As)-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Charles foster rats

Abstract

The presence of arsenic (As) metalloid in groundwater poses serious threat to human and animal’s health. Approx. 300 million people of about 105 countries in the world are affected due to arsenite poisoning. Except mitigation there is no such mode by which the population can be prevented from being exposed to arsenic. Elaeocarpus sphaericus (E. sphaericus) is widely used in the folk medicine system for the treatment of various diseases. Hence, present study aimed to investigate the Bio-remedial Impact of ESSE against As-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Charles foster rats. Male twenty-four rats (weighing 160 ± 20 g) were randomly assigned into two groups, where Group-I (n=6) rats were used as control. Group-II (n=18) rats were treated with sodium arsenite at 8 mg/Kg body weight for 90 days daily and then further divided into three sub-groups. Sub-Group I (n=6); rats were sacrificed and data were collected, Sub-Group II (n=6); rats were left for 60 days for auto recovery (as As-pre-treated group), and Sub-Group II (n=6); rats were administrated with E. sphaericus at 20mg/kg body weight for 60 days. After the completion of entire experimental dose all the control and treatment group were sacrificed to evaluate the various parameters. As-Induced rats had Significant (p<0.0001) alteration in haematological parameters. As-Induced serum levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine and albumin had significant (p<0.0001) alteration. Level of MDA and BUN were significantly (p<0001) increased. However, ESSE administration significantly reduced the adverse effect related to test of nephrological functions, MDA level significantly (p<0.0001) reduced. Dose dependent ESSE administration combat As-Induced toxicity and significantly (P<0.0001) normalise the level of haematological parameters. Hence, the study concluded that E. sphaericus seed might be used as a nutritional supplement to combat the arsenic led toxicity among the exposed population.