Comparative Associations between Substances Used with Depression and Anxiety in a Sample of High School Students in Turkey

IF 0.4 Q4 PEDIATRICS Adolescent Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI:10.2174/0122106766257259240229070230
Ali Unlu, Parna Prajapati, Mariam Rahmani, Andres Pumariega
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Abstract

To explore the associations between the type and the amount of substances used with depression and anxiety symptoms by high school students. The study data was collected by the Istanbul Department of Education on 31,604 high school students which was a survey of 66 questions administered in the school setting. The primary questions and sub-questions on anxiety and depression scores were added to generate a scaled score. Specific substances used by the participants were used to explore the relationship between substance use and depression and anxiety scores by using multinomial logistic regression models. Two regression models were analyzed, one for each dependent variable, keeping the significance level at 0.05. Odds ratios were calculated to explore the association between depression and anxiety scores and specific substance use among the youth. The participants with low levels of anxiety were at an increased odds of using heavy amounts of sleep pills (OR=1.6) and alcohol (OR=1.3) as compared to those without anxiety. In addition to sleep pills and alcohol, illicit substances such as LSD and inhalant use were also seen in the participants with higher levels of anxiety. The participants with low levels of depression were found to be at an increased odds of using sleep pills (OR=1.8) and alcohol (OR=1.3). In addition to this pattern of substance use, participants with higher levels of depression were also found to be heavy cocaine users, low inhalant users, heavy steroid users, and low alcohol users. A decrease in the use of homemade brews was seen in the participants with low and high levels of depression as compared to those who didn’t have any depressive symptoms. A unique pattern of drug and alcohol use was found in the participants experiencing varying levels of anxiety and depression.
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土耳其高中生样本中使用的物质与抑郁和焦虑之间的关联比较
研究数据由伊斯坦布尔教育局收集,对象为 31604 名高中生,在学校环境中进行了一项包含 66 个问题的调查。主问题和分问题的焦虑和抑郁得分相加得出一个标度分数。利用多项式逻辑回归模型,对参与者使用的特定药物进行分析,以探讨药物使用与抑郁和焦虑得分之间的关系。分析了两个回归模型,每个因变量一个,显著性水平保持在 0.05。与不焦虑的参与者相比,焦虑程度低的参与者使用大量安眠药(OR=1.6)和酒精(OR=1.3)的几率更高。除安眠药和酒精外,焦虑程度较高的参与者还使用迷幻药和吸入剂等非法药物。抑郁程度较低的参与者使用安眠药(OR=1.8)和酒精(OR=1.3)的几率增加。除了这种药物使用模式外,抑郁程度较高的参与者还被发现大量使用可卡因、少量使用吸入剂、大量使用类固醇和少量饮酒。与没有任何抑郁症状的参与者相比,抑郁程度低和抑郁程度高的参与者使用自酿啤酒的情况有所减少。
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来源期刊
Adolescent Psychiatry
Adolescent Psychiatry PEDIATRICS-
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
20
期刊介绍: Adolescent Psychiatry a peer-reviewed journal, aims to provide mental health professionals who work with adolescents with current information relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Adolescent Psychiatry reports of original research, critical reviews of topics relevant to practitioners, clinical observations with analysis and discussion, analysis of philosophical, ethical or social aspects of the fields of psychiatry and mental health, case reports with discussions, letters, and position papers. Topics include adolescent development and developmental psychopathology, psychotherapy and other psychosocial treatment approaches, psychopharmacology, and service settings and programs. The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, or emerging adults, that is, persons 12-24 years of age . Articles on families of adolescents, or adults who have been followed since adolescence will also be considered.
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