TIMI score as a predictor of severity of coronary artery disease in patients with STEMI.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) score as a predictive tool for assessing the severity of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Prospective, Observational Cohort study. Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar. Period: January 2021 to June 2022. Material & Methods: Consecutive patients presenting with STEMI to the emergency department of the participating hospital was considered for inclusion. Inclusion criteria were including patients aged 21 years or older, with symptoms consistent with STEMI and ST-segment elevation of at least 1 mm in two or more contiguous leads on the electrocardiogram (ECG). Patients with a known history of coronary artery disease or previous myocardial infarction were excluded from the study. Results: The age of the patients ranged widely, with a mean±SD age of 60.18±15.38 years. Gender distribution showed a predominance of males, constituting 67.79% of the sample, while females accounted for 32.20%. In terms of comorbidities, 22.03% of patients were obese, 52.54% had diabetes mellitus, 18.64% had hypertension, 25.42% had hyperlipidemia, 11.86% had a family history of myocardial infarction, and 47.45% were smokers. Moderate risk group shows a lower incidence at 71.11%, and the High risk group has the lowest incidence at 50%. The p-value for this comparison is highly significant at 0.0001, indicating that there is a substantial difference in the occurrence of LV dysfunction among these risk groups. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a strong association between TIMI risk groups and the occurrence of post-myocardial infarction complications, including LV dysfunction, arrhythmias, cardiogenic shock, and death.