{"title":"Yardstick competition in Italian waste legislation targets: How much does the type of neighbour matter?","authors":"Massimiliano Agovino , Katia Marchesano , Gaetano Musella","doi":"10.1016/j.pirs.2024.100014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Italian environmental laws set targets for separate waste collection (SWC) in a top-down public decision-making approach. This study uses quarterly data (2002Q1–2019Q1) on the 103 Italian provinces to investigate whether the targets activate a yardstick competition (YC) mechanism in SWC. Applying a two-regime spatial Durbin model, this study demonstrates that YC emerges in the sub-periods defined by target levels (35%, 45% and 65%) when using an inverse geographical distance matrix. Conversely, YC does not arise when proximity is defined in economic and institutional quality terms. Finally, the study proposes policy implications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056819024000320/pdfft?md5=ff0ead81136809e7b335e63cfc6bcfb8&pid=1-s2.0-S1056819024000320-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1056819024000320","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Italian environmental laws set targets for separate waste collection (SWC) in a top-down public decision-making approach. This study uses quarterly data (2002Q1–2019Q1) on the 103 Italian provinces to investigate whether the targets activate a yardstick competition (YC) mechanism in SWC. Applying a two-regime spatial Durbin model, this study demonstrates that YC emerges in the sub-periods defined by target levels (35%, 45% and 65%) when using an inverse geographical distance matrix. Conversely, YC does not arise when proximity is defined in economic and institutional quality terms. Finally, the study proposes policy implications.
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