Whipping or tearing? The biomechanics of Achilles tendinopathy in rearfoot strike runners

Q2 Health Professions Foot Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.foot.2024.102082

Kevin G. Aubol, Clare E. Milner

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Abstract

Background

Two biomechanical mechanisms for the development of Achilles tendinopathy in runners have been proposed: A whipping mechanism characterized by prolonged and excessive rearfoot eversion, and a tearing mechanism characterized by high eccentric plantar flexor forces. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if runners with and without a history of Achilles tendinopathy exhibited gait biomechanics consistent with either of these mechanisms.

Methods

Seven male runners with previous or current Achilles tendinopathy and seven healthy male control runners were evaluated by three-dimensional gait analysis. Peak rearfoot eversion angle, rearfoot eversion excursion, duration of rearfoot eversion, and peak rearfoot inversion angle were compared between groups to evaluate the whipping mechanism of injury. Peak dorsiflexion angle, peak dorsiflexion velocity, and peak ankle power absorption were compared between groups to evaluate the tearing mechanism. Additionally, rearfoot eversion angle and sagittal plane ankle power waveforms were compared between groups using statistical parametric mapping.

Findings

There were no differences in any rearfoot eversion, inversion, or dorsiflexion variables or waveforms during running in the Achilles tendinopathy group compared to controls.

Interpretation

Rearfoot strike runners with Achilles tendinopathy do not exhibit running biomechanics consistent with either the whipping or tearing mechanisms of injury.

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鞭打还是撕裂？后脚掌着地跑步者跟腱病变的生物力学。

背景提出了跑步者跟腱病变的两种生物力学机制：一种是以长时间和过度的后足外翻为特征的鞭打机制，另一种是以高偏心跖屈力为特征的撕裂机制。这项试验性研究的目的是确定有跟腱病史和无跟腱病史的跑步者是否表现出与上述两种机制一致的步态生物力学。对各组的后足外翻角度峰值、后足外翻偏移量、后足外翻持续时间和后足内翻角度峰值进行比较，以评估损伤的鞭打机制。比较各组的峰值外翻角度、峰值外翻速度和峰值踝关节动力吸收，以评估撕裂机制。此外，还使用统计参数映射法比较了不同组间的后足内翻角和矢状面踝关节力量波形。结果跟腱病组与对照组相比，在跑步过程中后足内翻、内翻、外翻变量或波形均无差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Foot Health Professions-Podiatry

CiteScore

2.00

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Foot is an international peer-reviewed journal covering all aspects of scientific approaches and medical and surgical treatment of the foot. The Foot aims to provide a multidisciplinary platform for all specialties involved in treating disorders of the foot. At present it is the only journal which provides this inter-disciplinary opportunity. Primary research papers cover a wide range of disorders of the foot and their treatment, including diabetes, vascular disease, neurological, dermatological and infectious conditions, sports injuries, biomechanics, bioengineering, orthoses and prostheses.