Infectious mononucleosis: new concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response.

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI:10.1097/QCO.0000000000001012
Patrick Naughton, Frances Enright, Brigid Lucey
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Abstract

Purpose of review: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an infectious disease that presents clinically in only a small percentage of individuals despite almost universal infection with the causative agent. Here, we review the latest concepts in the clinical presentation, epidemiology, and host response of this disease.

Recent findings: Several recently published papers/reviews describe IM as a condition caused by one of several etiologic agents including, cytomegalovirus (HHV-5), Roseola virus (HHV-6) and Toxoplasmosis amongst others; this review focuses on IM as solely caused by the human herpes virus 4 (HHV-4). Since the initial discovery of the virus in the 1960s and its subsequent discovery as the primary etiologic agent for IM it has been associated with several human cancers and autoimmune disorders. Recent published findings show a correlation between HHV-4 and the autoimmune disorder, multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting earlier IM could possibly act as a causative factor. Considering the important links being made with IM to so many cancers and autoimmune disorders it is surprising that a standard investigative procedure has yet to be determined for this disease. A standard approach to the investigation of IM would ensure more cases are diagnosed, particularly atypical cases, this would benefit epidemiological studies, and more immediately help practitioners distinguish viral from bacterial throat infections, enabling them to treat accordingly.

Summary: The understanding of the latest concepts in clinical presentation, epidemiology and host response to IM would benefit greatly from the introduction of a standard procedure for its investigation and diagnosis.

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传染性单核细胞增多症:临床表现、流行病学和宿主反应的新概念。
综述的目的:传染性单核细胞增多症(IM)是一种传染性疾病,尽管几乎所有人都感染了致病菌,但只有一小部分人会出现临床表现。在此,我们回顾了这种疾病在临床表现、流行病学和宿主反应方面的最新概念:最近发表的几篇论文/综述将疱疹性咽峡炎描述为由巨细胞病毒(HHV-5)、罗瑟拉病毒(HHV-6)和弓形虫病等几种病原体之一引起的疾病;本综述重点讨论仅由人类疱疹病毒 4(HHV-4)引起的疱疹性咽峡炎。自 20 世纪 60 年代首次发现人类疱疹病毒 4(HHV-4)以来,该病毒已与多种人类癌症和自身免疫性疾病相关。最近发表的研究结果表明,HHV-4 与自身免疫性疾病多发性硬化症(MS)之间存在相关性,这表明早期的 IM 可能是一种致病因素。考虑到 IM 与许多癌症和自身免疫性疾病的重要联系,令人惊讶的是,该疾病的标准调查程序尚未确定。IM的标准检查方法将确保更多病例得到诊断,特别是非典型性病例,这将有利于流行病学研究,并能更直接地帮助医生区分病毒性和细菌性喉咙感染,使他们能够进行相应的治疗。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
2.60%
发文量
121
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on two topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Infectious Disease delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as HIV infection and AIDS; skin and soft tissue infections; respiratory infections; paediatric and neonatal infections; gastrointestinal infections; tropical and travel-associated diseases; and antimicrobial agents.
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