New insights into the stipitate hydnoid fungi Sarcodon, Hydnellum, and the formerly informally defined Neosarcodon, with emphasis on the edible species marketed in Southwest China.

IF 5.2 1区 生物学 Q1 MYCOLOGY Ima Fungus Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI:10.1186/s43008-023-00138-1
Di Wang, Hui Feng, Jie Zhou, Tian-Hai Liu, Zhi-Yuan Zhang, Ying-Yin Xu, Jie Tang, Wei-Hong Peng, Xiao-Lan He
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Abstract

Sarcodon and Hydnellum are two ectomycorrhizal genera of important ecological and economic value in Southwest China, and they are common in the free markets in this region. It was estimated that more than 1,500 tonnes of them were sold as edible per year, but there was little information about the taxonomic placements of these edible mushrooms sold in the markets. Traditional concepts of the two genera have also been challenged recently, and circumscription of Sarcodon and the informally defined clade "Neosarcodon" remained unresolved. In the present study, specimens collected in the field and purchased from the markets in Southwest China were analyzed based on morphological characters and DNA sequences. Phylogeny of the traditional Sarcodon s. lat. and Hydnellum s. lat. was reconstructed from the combined internal transcribed spacer (ITS), nuclear large ribosomal subunit (nLSU) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) dataset based on expanded samples to reevaluate the taxonomic placements of the two genera. In the present molecular analyses, four distinct clades were recovered and strongly supported: Hydnellum, Neosarcodon, Phellodon and Sarcodon. Neosarcodon is formally introduced as a generic name to include nine species previously placed in Sarcodon, and the delimitation of Sarcodon is revised based on phylogenetic and morphological studies. Phylogenetic analyses also revealed an unexpected species diversity (17 phylogenetic species) of Sarcodon and Hydnellum in the markets; nine phylogenetic species of Sarcodon and eight of Hydnellum were uncovered from the samples collected in the markets. Eight species were resolved in the traditional S. imbricatus complex, with S. imbricatus s.str. being the most common edible stipitate hydnoid fungal species. Three of the edible Hydnellum species (H. edulium, H. subalpinum, and H. subscabrosellum), and five separated from the S. imbricatus complex (Sarcodon flavidus, S. giganteus, S. neosquamosus, S. nigrosquamosus, and S. pseudoimbricatus), are described as new. Three new Chinese records (H. illudens, H. martioflavum, and H. versipelle), and the notable S. imbricatus and S. leucopus are also reported.

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对具柄水螅真菌 Sarcodon、Hydnellum 和以前非正式定义的 Neosarcodon 的新认识,重点是中国西南市场上销售的食用物种。
人参属和水飞蓟属是中国西南地区具有重要生态和经济价值的两个外生菌属,在该地区的自由市场上很常见。据估计,每年有超过 1,500 吨的食用菌被出售,但关于这些在市场上出售的食用菌的分类定位信息却很少。这两个属的传统概念最近也受到了挑战,Sarcodon 和非正式定义的 "Neosarcodon "支系的划分仍未解决。本研究根据形态特征和 DNA 序列分析了在中国西南地区野外采集和从市场上购买的标本。根据扩大的样本,结合内部转录间隔序列(ITS)、核大核糖体亚基(nLSU)和 RNA 聚合酶 II 第二大亚基(RPB2)数据集重建了传统 Sarcodon s. lat.和 Hydnellum s. lat.的系统发育,以重新评估这两个属在分类学上的位置。在目前的分子分析中,发现了四个不同的支系,并得到了强有力的支持:Hydnellum、Neosarcodon、Phellodon 和 Sarcodon。根据系统发生学和形态学研究,Neosarcodon 作为一个属名被正式引入,包括了之前被归入 Sarcodon 的 9 个物种,同时对 Sarcodon 的划分进行了修订。系统发育分析还揭示了市场中沙齿鱼和绣线菊意外的物种多样性(17 个系统发育物种);从市场采集的样本中发现了 9 个沙齿鱼系统发育物种和 8 个绣线菊系统发育物种。在传统的 S. imbricatus 复合物中发现了 8 个物种,其中 S. imbricatus s.str. 是最常见的可食用带柄水螅真菌物种。其中 3 个可食用的水螅真菌物种(H. edulium、H. subalpinum 和 H. subscabrosellum)以及 5 个从 S. imbricatus 复合体中分离出来的物种(Sarcodon flavidus、S. giganteus、S. neosquamosus、S. nigrosquamosus 和 S. pseudoimbricatus)被描述为新物种。此外,还报告了三个中国新记录(H. illudens、H. martioflavum 和 H. versipelle),以及著名的 S. imbricatus 和 S. leucopus。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Ima Fungus
Ima Fungus Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.70%
发文量
18
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: The flagship journal of the International Mycological Association. IMA Fungus is an international, peer-reviewed, open-access, full colour, fast-track journal. Papers on any aspect of mycology are considered, and published on-line with final pagination after proofs have been corrected; they are then effectively published under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. The journal strongly supports good practice policies, and requires voucher specimens or cultures to be deposited in a public collection with an online database, DNA sequences in GenBank, alignments in TreeBASE, and validating information on new scientific names, including typifications, to be lodged in MycoBank. News, meeting reports, personalia, research news, correspondence, book news, and information on forthcoming international meetings are included in each issue
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