Consenso multidisciplinar de mastitis granulomatosa: algoritmo diagnóstico y terapéutico

Abstract

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a benign chronic inflammatory disease affecting the breast stroma. Diagnosis is by exclusion and requires histopathological confirmation, as its clinical and radiological presentation may be similar to breast carcinoma. Treatment is mainly medical, complemented by percutaneous drainage and ultimately surgical.

Although it is a benign pathology, it can cause significant impairment of quality of life. Due to its nature, it requires a multidisciplinary approach. It is necessary to protocolise the management of this entity both to establish the diagnosis and to initiate appropriate treatment early and prevent progression to advanced stages.

The aim of this work is to standardise the diagnosis and treatment of IGM from a multidisciplinary approach following medical consensus. The diagnostic algorithm is described, considering risk factors for IGM, typical radiological signs in order to be able to detect suspected cases early and subsequently ensure early treatment, which is described in the following algorithm for treatment. We also describe a specific follow-up circuit.

These multidisciplinary diagnostic-therapeutic algorithms are proposed to raise awareness and standardise the approach to this rare disease, accelerating its diagnosis and optimising its treatment.