Observed heatwaves characteristics and variability over Saudi Arabia

IF 1.9 4区 地球科学 Q3 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI:10.1007/s00703-024-01010-6
F. S. Syed, M. A. Al-Azemi, A. Zamreeq, M. Nazrul Islam, A. Ghulam
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Abstract

Heat waves are prolonged periods of excessively hot weather, which can have significant impacts on human health, agriculture, and the environment. Climate change has been linked to an increase in the frequency, intensity, and duration of heat waves. As the global average temperature rises, heat waves are becoming more common and more severe. The Arabian Peninsula is warming at a faster rate as compared to the globe in the recent decades. In this paper, the mild, moderate, severe, and extreme heat waves defined by 85th, 90th, 95th and 99th percentile, respectively, are analyzed over Saudi Arabia using historical daily maximum and minimum temperature observations for the period 1985–2021. The large number of mild heat waves are observed all over Saudi Arabia while extreme heat waves are dominant in the northwestern region. Moderate and severe heat waves are observed less in both the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf coastal regions. The heat waves are intense in the northern and central areas as compared to other regions of the country. Heat wave frequency, intensity and length in Saudi Arabia are in increasing trends, along with the increase in the heat wave season length. Heat wave frequency and intensity are largely observed during the ENSO La Nina and neutral phases along with NAO negative phase as well as IOD negative and neutral phases. However, further investigation is required to see the occurrence of heat waves in different climate zones over Saudi Arabia at various seasons and their teleconnection to large-scale circulations.

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沙特阿拉伯上空观测到的热浪特征和变异性
热浪是指长时间的过热天气,会对人类健康、农业和环境产生重大影响。气候变化与热浪频率、强度和持续时间的增加有关。随着全球平均气温的升高,热浪越来越常见,也越来越严重。近几十年来,阿拉伯半岛的变暖速度快于全球。本文利用 1985-2021 年期间的历史日最高和最低气温观测数据,对沙特阿拉伯的轻度、中度、重度和极端热浪进行了分析,分别以第 85、90、95 和 99 百分位数定义。在沙特阿拉伯各地观测到大量轻度热浪,而极端热浪主要出现在西北部地区。在红海和阿拉伯湾沿海地区较少观测到中度和严重热浪。与沙特其他地区相比,北部和中部地区的热浪较强。随着热浪季节长度的增加,沙特阿拉伯的热浪频率、强度和长度也呈上升趋势。热浪频率和强度主要出现在厄尔尼诺/南方涛动的拉尼娜期和中性期,以及西北气旋的负值期和国际大地测量的负值期和中性期。不过,还需要进一步调查沙特阿拉伯不同气候带在不同季节出现的热浪及其与大尺度环流的远程联系。
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来源期刊
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics
Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 地学-气象与大气科学
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
5.00%
发文量
87
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics accepts original research papers for publication following the recommendations of a review panel. The emphasis lies with the following topic areas: - atmospheric dynamics and general circulation; - synoptic meteorology; - weather systems in specific regions, such as the tropics, the polar caps, the oceans; - atmospheric energetics; - numerical modeling and forecasting; - physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere, including radiation, optical effects, electricity, and atmospheric turbulence and transport processes; - mathematical and statistical techniques applied to meteorological data sets Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics discusses physical and chemical processes - in both clear and cloudy atmospheres - including radiation, optical and electrical effects, precipitation and cloud microphysics.
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