Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticle by Using Artocarpus altilis Fruit Extract for Its Biological Activity

Abstract

Purpose

The study of nanoparticles for antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer action is an important sector in nanoscience. The use of plant extracts in nanoparticle synthesis is among the most simple, cost-effective, and ecologically acceptable strategies. The goal is to use Artocarpus altilis fruit extract to generate plant-mediated silver nanoparticles for its biological activity.

Methods

Phytochemical profiling of methanolic extract of Artocarpus altilis fruit was carried out. UV visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize the sample. The disc diffusion method was used to interpret antimicrobial activity. The MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity.

Results

The presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and others was discovered by phytochemical profiling. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to establish the existence of AgNPs, and a maximum absorbance range was obtained. The optimized nanoparticles were shown to have a spherical shape by the SEM pictures. Using the disc diffusion method, the defined AgNPs demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus at various doses, as well as antifungal efficacy against Aspergillus fumigates. When compared to doxorubicin, the lung cancer cell lines (A549 cell line) demonstrated potential anticancer activity of silver nanoparticles.

Conclusion

We discovered that silver nanoparticles made from Artocarpus altilis fruit extract have a similar effect to ciprofloxacin. The cytotoxic activity anticipated against the lung cancer cell line (A549 cell line) shows that the percentage of cell viability is identical to that of doxorubicin which indicates the potential for the treatment of lung tumors.