Long-term dairy manure amendment promotes legacy phosphorus buildup and mobility in calcareous soils

IF 2.2 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of environmental quality Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI:10.1002/jeq2.20559
Ruifang Hu, April B. Leytem, Amber D. Moore, Daniel G. Strawn
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Abstract

Continuous application of dairy manure to soils can lead to excessive phosphorus (P) accumulation (legacy P), which requires understanding for managing nutrient availability and leaching. This study was conducted in Kimberly, ID, where dairy manure or conventional fertilizer was applied to calcareous soil plots under continuous crop rotations for 8 years (2013–2020), followed by 2 years with no amendment. To understand legacy P behavior in the soils, total P, organic/inorganic P, and plant-available Olsen bicarbonate P and Truog extraction measurements were made from surface and subsurface samples. Additionally, P in soluble and less soluble calcium phosphate (Ca-P) minerals was estimated using selective extractions, and P desorption was measured in a flow-through reactor. Manure amendments resulted in increased total soil P and plant-available P, particularly in the initial 5 years. In the 0- to 30-cm depth, 54%–65% of the soil P added from manure amendments was readily soluble by the Truog P test. Phosphorus released from the 2022 manure-amended soil in the desorption experiments was about five times greater than the fertilizer-amended soil, suggesting high leaching potential. After 8 years of manure amendment, subsurface Olsen-P levels exceeded the 40 mg kg−1 management threshold, suggesting P adsorption potential of the surface had become saturated, allowing for P leaching. In the manure-amended surface soils, calcium phosphate minerals increased compared to the controls. Even after 2 years without manure amendment, soluble Ca-P mineral phases persisted in the soils, which can be a long-term source of P leaching.

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长期添加奶牛粪便会促进石灰性土壤中遗留磷的积累和流动性。
在土壤中连续施用奶牛粪便会导致磷 (P) 积累过多(遗留磷),因此需要了解如何管理养分的可用性和淋失。本研究在美国内华达州金伯利市进行,在连续轮作 8 年(2013-2020 年)的石灰性土壤地块中施用奶牛粪便或常规肥料,之后 2 年不施用任何肥料。为了解土壤中遗留的钾特性,对地表和地下样本进行了总磷、有机/无机钾、植物可利用的奥尔森重碳酸盐钾和 Truog 萃取测量。此外,还使用选择性萃取法估算了可溶性和溶解度较低的磷酸钙(Ca-P)矿物中的 P 含量,并在流过式反应器中测量了 P 解吸情况。粪肥添加物增加了土壤总磷量和植物可利用磷量,尤其是在最初的 5 年中。通过 Truog P 测试,在 0 至 30 厘米深的土壤中,54%-65% 的粪肥添加剂产生的土壤磷易于溶解。在解吸实验中,从 2022 年粪肥改良土壤中释放的磷约为肥料改良土壤的 5 倍,这表明沥滤潜力很大。经过 8 年的粪肥改良后,地表下的奥尔森-磷含量超过了 40 毫克/千克-1 的管理阈值,这表明地表的磷吸附潜力已经饱和,从而导致了磷的沥滤。与对照组相比,经粪肥改良的表层土壤中的磷酸钙矿物质含量有所增加。即使在没有添加粪肥的两年后,土壤中仍存在可溶性磷酸钙矿物相,这可能是钾沥滤的长期来源。
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来源期刊
Journal of environmental quality
Journal of environmental quality 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
123
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Articles in JEQ cover various aspects of anthropogenic impacts on the environment, including agricultural, terrestrial, atmospheric, and aquatic systems, with emphasis on the understanding of underlying processes. To be acceptable for consideration in JEQ, a manuscript must make a significant contribution to the advancement of knowledge or toward a better understanding of existing concepts. The study should define principles of broad applicability, be related to problems over a sizable geographic area, or be of potential interest to a representative number of scientists. Emphasis is given to the understanding of underlying processes rather than to monitoring. Contributions are accepted from all disciplines for consideration by the editorial board. Manuscripts may be volunteered, invited, or coordinated as a special section or symposium.
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