Wastewater Surveillance of US Coast Guard Installations and Seagoing Military Vessels to Mitigate the Risk of COVID-19 Outbreaks, March 2021-August 2022.

IF 3 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Public Health Reports Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-01 DOI:10.1177/00333549241236644

Gregory J Hall, Eric J Page, Min Rhee, Clara Hay, Amelia Krause, Emma Langenbacher, Allison Ruth, Steve Grenier, Alexander P Duran, Ibrahim Kamara, John K Iskander, Fahad Alsayyid, Dana L Thomas, Edward Bock, Nicholas Porta, Jessica Pharo, Beth A Osterink, Sharon Zelmanowitz, Corinna M Fleischmann, Dilhara Liyanage, Joshua P Gray

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Military training centers and seagoing vessels are often environments at high risk for the spread of COVID-19 and other contagious diseases, because military trainees and personnel arrive after traveling from many parts of the country and live in congregate settings. We examined whether levels of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in wastewater correlated with SARS-CoV-2 infections among military personnel living in communal barracks and vessels at US Coast Guard training centers in the United States.

Methods: The Coast Guard developed and established 3 laboratories with wastewater testing capability at Coast Guard training centers from March 2021 through August 2022. We analyzed wastewater from barracks housing trainees and from 4 Coast Guard vessels for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genes N and E and quantified the results relative to levels of a fecal indicator virus, pepper mild mottle virus. We compared quantified data with the timing of medically diagnosed COVID-19 infection among (1) military personnel who had presented with symptoms or had been discovered through contact tracing and had medical tests and (2) military personnel who had been discovered through routine surveillance by positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or polymerase chain reaction test results.

Results: Levels of viral genes in wastewater at Coast Guard locations were best correlated with diagnosed COVID-19 cases when wastewater testing was performed twice weekly with passive samplers deployed for the entire week; such testing detected ≥1 COVID-19 case 69.8% of the time and ≥3 cases 88.3% of the time. Wastewater assessment in vessels did not continue because of logistical constraints.

Conclusion: Wastewater testing is an effective tool for measuring the presence and patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infections among military populations. Success with wastewater testing for SARS-CoV-2 infections suggests that other diseases may be assessed with similar approaches.

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2021 年 3 月至 2022 年 8 月，对美国海岸警卫队设施和海上军舰进行废水监测，以降低 COVID-19 爆发的风险。

目标：军事训练中心和海船通常是传播 COVID-19 和其他传染病的高风险环境，因为军事受训人员和工作人员是从全国各地赶来的，而且居住在集中的环境中。我们研究了废水中的 SARS-CoV-2 遗传物质水平是否与居住在美国海岸警卫队训练中心的公共营房和船只中的军人感染 SARS-CoV-2 有关：从 2021 年 3 月到 2022 年 8 月，海岸警卫队在海岸警卫队训练中心开发并建立了 3 个具有废水检测能力的实验室。我们分析了学员所在营房的废水和 4 艘海岸警卫队船只的废水，以检测是否存在 SARS-CoV-2 基因 N 和 E，并将结果与粪便指示病毒胡椒轻微斑驳病毒的水平进行了量化。我们将量化数据与下列人员中经医学诊断感染 COVID-19 的时间进行了比较：(1) 出现症状或通过接触追踪发现并进行医学检测的军人；(2) 通过 SARS-CoV-2 抗原或聚合酶链反应检测结果呈阳性的常规监测发现的军人：海岸警卫队所在地废水中的病毒基因水平与确诊的 COVID-19 病例之间的相关性最好，因为废水检测每周进行两次，被动采样器部署了整整一周；在这种检测中，69.8%的时间检测到≥1 个 COVID-19 病例，88.3%的时间检测到≥3 个病例。由于后勤方面的限制，没有继续在船上进行废水评估：结论：废水检测是衡量军队人群中是否存在 SARS-CoV-2 感染及其模式的有效工具。废水检测 SARS-CoV-2 感染的成功表明，其他疾病也可以用类似的方法进行评估。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Public Health Reports 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

6.10%

发文量

164

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Public Health Reports is the official journal of the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General and the U.S. Public Health Service and has been published since 1878. It is published bimonthly, plus supplement issues, through an official agreement with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The journal is peer-reviewed and publishes original research and commentaries in the areas of public health practice and methodology, original research, public health law, and public health schools and teaching. Issues contain regular commentaries by the U.S. Surgeon General and executives of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health. The journal focuses upon such topics as tobacco control, teenage violence, occupational disease and injury, immunization, drug policy, lead screening, health disparities, and many other key and emerging public health issues. In addition to the six regular issues, PHR produces supplemental issues approximately 2-5 times per year which focus on specific topics that are of particular interest to our readership. The journal''s contributors are on the front line of public health and they present their work in a readable and accessible format.