Exploring the roles of compassion and post-traumatic stress disorder on global distress after sexual trauma

IF 3.8 3区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL British Journal of Clinical Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI:10.1111/bjc.12465

Runa Dawood, Jane Vosper, Chris Irons, Stuart Gibson, Gary Brown

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Abstract

Objectives

Recovery from sexual trauma can be complex and multi-faceted. Most current psychological treatment protocols for trauma use a cognitive model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, sexual trauma may include specific complexities beyond that of a cognitive model of PTSD, such as relational factors. The distress experienced after sexual abuse may involve variables not exclusive to a PTSD model. Compassion focused therapy (CFT) is an approach that incorporates evolutionary, relational and social perspectives. This study explored the relationships between variables associated with CFT, PTSD and distress in survivors of sexual abuse to determine the role of CFT-related variables.

Methods

155 adults who had experienced sexual abuse or any unwanted sexual experience at any point in their lives completed online questionnaires pertaining to various CFT variables (self-compassion, receiving compassion from others, having a fear of compassion from others, having a fear of compassion from the self, shame and self-criticism) and questionnaires measuring global distress as the outcome of sexual abuse and PTSD symptoms.

Results

An exploratory model involving CFT-related variables explained significantly more of the variance (4.4%) in global distress than PTSD symptomology alone. Self-criticism was found to be the variable with significant contribution.

Conclusions

That CFT treatments, targeting self-criticism, should be developed alongside the standard cognitive model of PTSD based treatments for survivors of sexual abuse was supported. Future research may explore experimental designs utilizing CFT in this population, as well as further investigations on the roles of these specific CFT variables.

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探索同情心和创伤后应激障碍对性创伤后整体痛苦的影响。

目标：性创伤的康复可能是复杂和多方面的。目前，大多数创伤心理治疗方案都采用创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的认知模式。然而，性创伤可能包含超越创伤后应激障碍认知模式的特定复杂性，例如关系因素。性虐待后所经历的痛苦可能涉及创伤后应激障碍模型之外的变量。同情焦点疗法（CFT）是一种融合了进化、关系和社会视角的方法。本研究探讨了性虐待幸存者中与慈悲为怀疗法、创伤后应激障碍和痛苦相关的变量之间的关系，以确定慈悲为怀疗法相关变量的作用。方法：155 名曾在生命的任何阶段经历过性虐待或任何不想要的性经历的成年人填写了有关各种 CFT 变量（自我同情、接受他人同情、害怕他人同情、害怕自我同情、羞耻感和自我批评）的在线问卷，以及测量作为性虐待和创伤后应激障碍症状结果的整体痛苦的问卷：与单纯的创伤后应激障碍症状相比，涉及 CFT 相关变量的探索性模型能解释更多的总体痛苦方差（4.4%）。结论：以自我批判为目标的创伤后应激障碍治疗方法对创伤后应激障碍的治疗有重要意义：以自我批判为目标的创伤后应激障碍治疗应与基于创伤后应激障碍标准认知模式的性虐待幸存者治疗同时进行，这一点得到了支持。未来的研究可能会探索在这一人群中使用 CFT 的实验设计，并进一步调查这些特定 CFT 变量的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

British Journal of Clinical Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： The British Journal of Clinical Psychology publishes original research, both empirical and theoretical, on all aspects of clinical psychology: - clinical and abnormal psychology featuring descriptive or experimental studies - aetiology, assessment and treatment of the whole range of psychological disorders irrespective of age group and setting - biological influences on individual behaviour - studies of psychological interventions and treatment on individuals, dyads, families and groups