Optimizing the structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of Mn-doped perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (MAPbI₂Br or CH₃NH₃I₂Br) are the subject of this thorough examination of their optical, structural, and photovoltaic properties. These MAPbI₂Br cells were prepared by the sol–gel spin-coating process to make films of both undoped and Mn²⁺-doped materials. In addition, the band gap energy (E_g) exhibited a steady downward trend as doping levels increased. The largest drop was observed at 4 % Mn²⁺ doping, when UV–Vis spectroscopy measured an E_g value of 1.88 eV. This decrease in band gap energy is essential to improving MAPbI₂Br's functionality. Furthermore, when compared to cells that used pure MAPbI₂Br perovskite solar cells, the efficiency of the manufactured MAPbI₂Br cells shown a significant improvement. Analyzing the current–voltage (J-V) characteristics revealed that the MAPbI₂Br produced with a 4 % Mn²⁺-doped MAPbI₂Br film had dramatically improved properties. These cells showed an open-circuit voltage of 1.02, a fill factor of 0.74, a short-circuit current density of 8.10 mA/cm², and an impressive power conversion efficiency of 6.14 %.