Associative Experiment as an Auxiliary Method to Identify the Features of the Linguocolor Pictures of the Kazakh World

N. B. Koshkareva, M. Abzhaparova
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Abstract

Purpose. General aim of this article is the structuring of the functional-semantic field of color terms in the Kazakh language.Results. The article analyzes the experimental results obtained during the psycholinguistic association experiment (AE) conducted in 2021 with students being native Kazakh speakers. The Almaty Corpus of the Kazakh language was used for determining the frequency of basic adjectives in the Kazakh language. There were assigned 8 lexemes as basic color terms in the Kazakh language: қara ‘black’, ақ ‘white’, kok ‘blue’, kyzyl ‘red’, sary ‘yellow’, қоңыр ‘brown’, zhasyl ‘green’ and sur ‘grey’ ‒ on the basis of their frequency, non-derivation, transparency of lexical meaning, wide compatibility with words of different semantic classes and word-formation productivity. The conducted associative experiment was aimed to identify the standards of basic color designations rooted in the linguistic consciousness, as well as the respondents' original reactions to color.Conclusion. The application of the associative experiment revealed the features of the linguistic picture of the world of the Kazakhs in terms of the color representation of reality. The use of AE made it possible to obtain information about different levels of color awareness, which allows clarifying and verifying one of the possible ways to study color designations. A significant proportion of stable associations lie in the emotional, spiritual and intellectual spheres, whereas objects of the environment acting as standards for color values are represented by a large number of single, individual associations.
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以联想实验为辅助方法识别哈萨克世界语言色彩图片的特征
目的。本文的总体目标是构建哈萨克语中颜色术语的功能语义领域。文章分析了 2021 年对以哈萨克语为母语的学生进行的心理语言学联想实验(AE)的实验结果。哈萨克语阿拉木图语料库用于确定哈萨克语中基本形容词的频率。哈萨克语的基本颜色词共有 8 个:қara "黑色"、ақ "白色"、kok "蓝色"、kyzyl "红色"、sary "黄色"、қоңыр "棕色"、zhasyl "绿色 "和sur "灰色"--其依据是这些词的频率、非衍生性、词义的透明度、与不同语义类别词汇的广泛兼容性和构词效率。进行联想实验的目的是确定扎根于语言意识中的基本颜色名称标准,以及受访者对颜色的原始反应。联想实验的应用揭示了哈萨克人在现实色彩表征方面的语言世界图景特征。通过使用联想实验,我们获得了关于不同色彩认知水平的信息,从而澄清并验证了研究色彩称谓的一种可能方法。在情感、精神和智力领域,稳定的联想占了很大比例,而作为色彩价值标准的环境对象则由大量单一、个别的联想来代表。
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